Aliens Act

Chapter 1 GENERAL PART 

Division 1 General Provisions 

Subdivision 1 Scope of application of Act 

§ 1.  Scope of application

 (1) This Act regulates the bases for the entry of aliens into Estonia, their temporary stay, residence and employment in Estonia and their legal liability for violation of obligations provided for in this Act.

 (2) The Citizen of the European Union Act provides for the legal bases of the temporary stay and residence in Estonia of citizens of the member states of the European Union, citizens of the member states of the European Economic Area or citizens of the Swiss Confederation and their family members.

 (3) The Act on Granting International Protection to Aliens provides for the legal bases for the temporary stay, residence and employment in Estonia of applicants for international protection and of those who have been granted protection.

 (4) The legal bases for the temporary stay, residence and employment in Estonia of the staff of diplomatic missions and consular posts of foreign states and their family members are provided by treaties and other instruments of international law.

 (5) The National Defence Act provides for the legal bases for the entry into Estonia, temporary stay, residence and employment in Estonia of an alien entering Estonia in the framework of international military co-operation .
[RT I, 12.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

§ 2.  Application of Act

 (1) This Act is not applied to citizens of the member states of the European Union, citizens of the member states of the European Economic Area or citizens of the Swiss Confederation and their family members, who have a legal right for stay or residence in Estonia for the purposes of the Citizen of the European Union Act.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

 (2) [Repealed - RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

 (3) The provisions of Divisions 1 and 2 of Chapter 2 of this Act are applied to the proceeding of the legal bases for the temporary stay, residence and employment in Estonia of the staff of foreign diplomatic missions and consular posts and their family members.

 (4) The provisions of this Act are applied taking account of the specifications provided for in a treaty binding on the Republic of Estonia.

Subdivision 2 Definitions 

§ 3.  Alien

  For the purposes of this Act, an alien is a person who is not an Estonian citizen.

§ 4.  Minor child

  For the purposes of this Act, a minor child is a person under 18 years of age. A person who is married, has a separate family or leads an independent life is not deemed to be a minor child for the purposes of this Act..

§ 5.  Permanent resident

  For the purposes of this Act, a permanent resident is an Estonian citizen residing in Estonia or an alien residing in Estonia who holds a long-term resident’s residence permit in Estonia or a permanent right of residence.

§ 6.  Permanent residence in Estonia

  For the purposes of this Act, the permanent residence in Estonia of an alien is the stay in Estonia of an alien on the basis of an Estonian residence permit or right of residence.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

§ 7.  Temporary stay in Estonia

  For the purposes of this Act, the temporary stay in Estonia is the stay in Estonia of an alien without a residence permit or a right of residence in Estonia.

§ 8.  Employment in Estonia

  For the purposes of this Act, employment in Estonia is any activity in Estonia on the basis of an employment contract or another contract, as well as other activities for the benefit of another person where obtaining gain or any other proprietary benefit can be presumed regardless of the type or form of the contract on which such activity is based, or the location or the place of residence of the other party, unless otherwise provided by a treaty or law.

§ 9.  Legal income

 (1) Lawfully earned remuneration for work, parental benefits, unemployment benefits, income received from lawful business activities or property, pensions, scholarships, means of subsistence, benefits paid by a foreign state and the subsistence ensured by family members earning legal income are deemed to be legal income for the purposes of this Act unless otherwise provided for by this Act.
[RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 - entry into force 01.09.2013

 (2) The maintenance ensured by a family member includes:
 1) maintenance of a minor child by a parent;
 2) maintenance of an adult child by a parent if the child due to health condition or disability is not able to cope independently;
 3) maintenance of an adult child or grandchild studying full time by a parent or grandparent;
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 - entry into force 02.04.2015]
 4) maintenance by a spouse;
 5) maintenance of a parent or grandparent by an adult child or grandchild if the parent or grandparent is not able to cope independently due to health condition or disability;
 6) maintenance of a ward by a guardian.

Subdivision 3 Legal status of alien in Estonia 

§ 10.  Rights of aliens

 (1) An alien staying in Estonia is guaranteed rights and freedoms equal to those of an Estonian citizen unless the Constitution, this Act, other legislation or a treaty binding on Estonia provides otherwise.

 (2) An alien is guaranteed the rights and freedoms arising from the generally recognised standards of international law and international practice.

§ 11.  Obligations of alien

  An alien who is staying temporarily in Estonia or is residing in Estonia is required to observe the constitutional order of Estonia and comply with the legislation of Estonia, respect the constitutional values and principles, the state based on liberty, justice and the rule of law and the organisation of the Estonian society, the Estonian language and culture.
[RT I, 06.04.2016, 1 – entry into force 01.05.2016]

Division 2 General provisions of procedure 

§ 12.  Application of Administrative Procedure Act

 (1) The provisions of the Administrative Procedure Act apply to the administrative proceedings provided for in this Act, taking account of the specifications of this Act.

 (2) The provisions of the Administrative Procedure Act do not apply to visa procedures provided for in this Act unless otherwise provided in this Act.

§ 13.  Purpose of procedure

 (1) The purpose of the proceedings concerning the entry of an alien into Estonia, his or her temporary stay, residence and employment in Estonia and the obligation to leave Estonia of an alien is to guarantee that the entry into Estonia of an alien, the temporary stay and residence in Estonia and departure from Estonia of an alien would be in accordance with public interests and correspond to the need of the protection of public order and national security.

 (2) The purpose provided for in subsection (1) of this section shall not preclude taking into account other facts or considerations in the proceeding.

§ 14.  Facts relevant to proceedings

 (1) The relevant rights of an alien, which at his or her own estimate require the entry into Estonia, the temporary stay, residence or employment in Estonia of an alien, are taken into account in the proceedings.

 (2) Upon issue of an administrative act or performance of an act, relying on considerations for prevention of danger, uncertainties may be taken account of during proceedings in order to protect public order and national security.

§ 15.  Evidence of relevant facts

 (1) Upon evaluation and verification of potential future facts and the prevention of threats related to aliens in the proceedings concerning the entry into Estonia of an alien, the temporary stay, residence and employment in Estonia and the obligation to leave from Estonia of an alien it is assumed that the occurrence of the fact is probable unless the occurrence of the fact is clearly precluded.

 (2) Upon the issue of an administrative act or performance of an act the possibility of proving the facts relevant to the proceedings and the probability of the future change in them shall be taken into account.

 (3) When an act was performed or an administrative act was issued taking account of the facts that may occur in future, the occurrence or non-occurrence of the facts shall have no impact on the legality of an act or administrative act.

§ 16.  Competence of officials of administrative authority

  The head of an administrative authority shall appoint competent officials within the organisation to perform procedural acts and issue administrative acts arising from this Act on behalf of an administrative authority unless otherwise provided for by law or regulation.

§ 17.  Active legal capacity in administrative procedures

  A minor of at least 15 years of age may perform the procedural acts arising from this Act and participate in the proceedings independently unless otherwise provided for in this Act.

§ 18.  Obligation of cooperation

 (1) An alien and other person concerned is obliged to cooperate in every way in the clarification of the facts relevant to the proceedings in the organisation of the entry into Estonia, the temporary stay, residence and employment in Estonia and the departure from Estonia of an alien.

 (2) The obligation of cooperation also extends to the representative of an alien.

§ 19.  Burden of proof

 (1) An alien and other person concerned are required to prove the facts relevant to the granting, possession, extension and revocation of the legal basis for the temporary stay, residence and employment in Estonia of an alien in the proceedings concerning the organisation of the entry into Estonia, temporary stay, residence and employment in Estonia and the departure from Estonia of an alien.

 (2) The burden of proof of an alien and other person concerned includes the obligation to provide written and oral explanations and the obligation to submit evidence.

§ 20.  Notification obligation

 (1) An alien and other person concerned have the obligation to notify an administrative authority of the change in and cessation of the facts relevant to granting, possession, extension and revocation of the legal basis for temporary stay, residence and employment in Estonia of an alien.

 (2) The notification obligation includes, inter alia, the duty of an alien and other person concerned to notify an administrative authority during the conduct of the proceedings of the changes in facts, including the changes in his or her contact details or of a representative, which may affect the conduct of the proceedings.

§ 21.  Obligation to participate in proceedings

 (1) An alien and other person concerned is obliged to address an administrative authority in person at the summons of the administrative authority in order to carry out the procedural acts.

 (2) An alien and other person concerned is obliged to participate in the performance of procedural acts.

 (3) Upon a failure to perform an obligation to participate in the procedural acts a favourable administrative act shall not be issued or the procedural act that is applied for shall not be conducted.

§ 22.  Performance of procedural acts in person

 (1) In case the procedural acts, arising from the law or the nature of the procedural act, are required to be carried out in person, the person is required to appear before an administrative authority in person.

 (2) If a person staying in Estonian is permanently unable to appear in person, for reason of health condition, before a competent administrative authority and the appearance in person is required, a competent administrative authority may, if possible, identify a person, verify the identity of a person, take biometric data of the person and carry out other procedural acts at his or her place of residence or stay in Estonia.

 (3) If procedural acts shall be performed in person arising from the law or the nature of a procedural act, the party to a proceeding is not allowed to use a representative to perform the procedural act, to perform the procedural act by mail or electronically.

§ 23.  Performance of procedural acts through representative

 (1) A person may perform procedural acts arising from this Act through a representative unless otherwise provided for in this Act.

 (2) If the procedural acts arising from this Act are performed through a representative, an administrative authority shall establish the identity of the representative or verify his or her identity.

 (3) If the procedural acts arising from this Act are performed through a representative, he or she is obliged to submit evidence of the right of representation and an administrative authority shall establish the right of representation of the representative.

 (4) An administrative authority may also obligate a person to perform procedural acts personally if using of a representative is allowed.

§ 24.  Identification and verification of person’s identity

 (1) Upon performance of procedural acts arising from this Act an administrative authority is required to establish or verify the identity of a person.

 (2) A person is required to enable identification and verification of his or her identity.

 (3) A favourable procedural act shall not be issued or the procedural act applied for shall not be conducted if it is impossible to identify the person or verify the identity of an alien or other person concerned.

§ 25.  Identification of a person on basis of identification document

 (1) At the request of an administrative authority a person is required to submit an identification document for the identification and verification of the identity.

 (2) A person shall be identified and his or her identity verified on the basis of a document provided for in subsection 2 (2) of the Identity Documents Act or a travel document issued by a foreign state.

 (3) If an alien under 15 years of age has not been issued a document referred to in subsection (2) of this section, his or her identity shall be identified on the basis of the testimony of his or her legal representative and other evidence.

 (4) If an alien does not hold a document referred to in subsection (2) of this section, then, if needed, his or her identity shall be identified or identity verified on the basis of other evidence.

§ 26.  Identification of person on basis of biometric data

 (1) Biometric data may be obtained from an alien or other person concerned and such data may be processed to identify a person and verify the identity of a person.

 (2) At the request of an administrative authority the person is required to enable taking biometric data.

§ 27.  Identification of person on basis of DNA data

 (1) A DNA sample may be taken from an alien and the respective data processed to identify a person and verify the identity unless it is possible to identify an alien or verify the identity of an alien otherwise.

 (2) A decision on taking a DNA sample from a minor shall, in particular, take account of the rights and interests of a minor.

 (3) At the request of an administrative authority a person is required to enable a DNA sample being taken.

§ 28.  Identification of person on basis of other evidence

  An administrative authority may identify a person or verify the identity of a person on the basis of other data known to the administrative authority, not referred to in this Act, including the data collected in the course of proceedings concerning the person, carried out earlier, or the data being processed in the databases with regard to the person.

§ 29.  Data submitted in application and evidence appended

  [RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (1) In order to apply for the issue of administrative acts or performance of procedural acts arising from this Act, a person shall have to submit an application.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (2) A person is required to submit all the data prescribed in the application.

 (3) A person is required to append all the prescribed evidence to the application.

 (4) A person may submit the application and the evidence appended thereto in the Estonian, Russian or English language unless otherwise provided for by this Act.
(RT I, 29.06.2012, 5 – entry into force 01.07.2012]

§ 30.  Documents issued in foreign state

  A document that was issued in a foreign state in a foreign language shall be translated into the Estonian, Russian or English language and the correctness of the translation shall be made by a sworn translator or certified by a notary.
[RT I, 23.12.2013, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2014]

 (2) A document that was issued in a foreign state must be legalised or certified with an apostille unless otherwise provided for in a treaty.

§ 31.  Provision of additional data and evidence

 (1) At the request of an administrative authority a person is required to submit additional or specifying data or evidence regarding facts that are relevant to the proceedings.

 (2) If a person fails to submit the required evidence or data to an administrative authority and it is not possible for the administrative authority to obtain the evidence or data with reasonable effort or within a reasonable time, the administrative authority may dismiss the application or refuse to perform a procedural act.

§ 31¹.  Collection of data by surveillance activities and enquiry to communications undertaking

 (1) A competent authority specified in subsection 126 ² (1) of the Code of Criminal Procedure may, with the written consent of the person, collect data about him or her or evidence regarding the facts that are relevant to the proceedings by surveillance activities specified in subsection 1263 (1) of the Code of Criminal Procedure and by an inquiry to a communications undertaking concerning the information provided for in subsections 111 ¹ (2) and (3) of the Electronic Communications Act where that is needed for the issue of an administrative act or performance of an act.

 (2) A person shall be notified about the conduct of surveillance activities with regard to him or her after the issue of an administrative act or performance of an act and the data collected by surveillance activities shall be submitted to him or her for examination at his or her request.
[RT I, 29.06.2012, 2 - entry into force 01.01.2013]

§ 32.  Signing of application and evidence

 (1) A person shall sign an application and the submitted evidence personally.

 (2) A legal representative shall sign an application or provided evidence of a minor less than 15 years of age or of a person whose active legal capacity is restricted.

 (3) By signing an application a person confirms that he or she has not provided false information or added falsified evidence upon application for the visa.

 (4) By signing an application and the provided evidence the person confirms that he or she is aware of the content of the personal data being processed with regard to him, of the purpose, extent, manner and admissibility of the disclosure to a third party of personal data.

 (5) An administrative authority may require a person to sign documentary evidence or a copy thereof. By signing the documentary evidence or a copy thereof a person shall confirm that the submitted evidence is an original document, it does not include false data and has not been falsified. By signing a copy of the document a person shall confirm that the copy corresponds to the original document.

 (6) If a person is not able to sign an application or documentary evidence, an administrative authority shall make a notation on the application or documentary evidence about the absence of the signature and the reasons therefor. This is equal to signing the application or evidence.

 (7) The provisions of this section also apply to applications submitted to commence proceedings and declarations submitted in the course of proceedings.

§ 33.  Term for proceeding

 (1) The term for the performance of proceedings arising from this Act is provided by regulations issued on the basis of this Act.

 (2) If the term for the performance of proceedings has not been provided by a regulation, an administrative authority shall determine the term therefor.

 (3) The term established or determined by an administrative authority shall not be longer than six months.

§ 34.  Extension of term for proceeding

 (1) An administrative authority may extend the term for the proceedings unless it is possible to clarify the facts relevant to the proceedings or to collect evidence within the term provided for proceedings.

 (2) By the actual extension of the term for proceedings the new term for proceedings that is determined by an administrative authority shall not exceed the initial term for proceedings.

§ 35.  Restoration of term for proceeding

 (1) If a term for a proceeding is allowed to expire with good reason, an administrative authority may restore the term on its own initiative or at the request of a participant in the proceeding unless otherwise provided for in this Act.

 (2) A reasoned application for the restoration of a term for a proceeding shall be submitted immediately after the circumstances impeding performance of a procedural act cease to exist.

 (3) Neither the submission of an application for restoration nor restoration of a term for a proceeding shall make the stay of an alien in Estonia legal if an alien does not have a legal basis for a temporary stay or residence in Estonia.

§ 36.  Notification

 (1) A person shall be notified of administrative acts issued and acts performed on the basis of this Act if notification has been prescribed by this Act or a ruling has been issued on the basis thereof.

 (2) A person shall be notified according to the contact details indicated in the request or application or at the address of the place of residence registered in Estonia if the person has not expressed a wish to receive information pursuant to other contact details or the details of the place of residence.

 (3) A person shall be notified of the issue of a favourable administrative act or the performance of an act applied for on the basis of this Act via web page of an administrative authority, without disclosing personal details, via e-mail or in another appropriate manner.

 (4) An encumbering administrative act can be delivered to a person via mail or at the location of an administrative authority.

 (5) If a person is using a representative in the performance of proceedings, the obligation of an administrative authority to notify the person provided for in this section shall be deemed fulfilled by notification of the representative.

§ 37.  Service of administrative act by mail

 (1) An encumbering administrative act issued on the basis of this Act may be served to the person by registered mail by post.

 (2) In case of a failure to serve an administrative act in a manner referred to in subsection 1 of this section, an administrative authority may disclose the personal details of the addressee of the administrative act and of the operative part of the administrative act on the web page of the administrative authority. An administrative act is deemed to be served and to have entered into force when the operative part of an administrative act has been published on the web page of an administrative authority.

§ 38.  Service of administrative act at location of administrative authority

 (1) An administrative authority may appoint a date or term to a person for when he or she is required to appear before an administrative authority in order to receive the administrative act.

 (2) In case a person, without any good reason, fails to appear before an administrative authority in person on the appointed date or within the set term, the administrative authority may publish the personal details of the addressee of the administrative act and the operative part of the administrative act on the web page of the administrative authority. An administrative act is deemed to be served and to have entered into force when the operative part of an administrative act has been published on the web page of an administrative authority.

§ 39.  Notification of procedural documents

 (1) In proceedings concerning the entry into Estonia of an alien, the temporary stay, residence and employment in Estonia and the requirement to leave from Estonia of an alien, a procedural document, including the summons to appear before an administrative authority, may be communicated to the person via the web page of the administrative authority without disclosing personal details, by e-mail, via post, at the location of the administrative authority or in another appropriate manner. The administrative authority shall select the manner of communicating the procedural document.

 (2) In case of a failure to serve the procedural document to a person in a manner referred to in subsection (1) of this section, which, according to the assessment of an administrative authority had to ensure the service of the procedural document with the highest probability, an administrative authority may publish the personal details of a party to the proceeding and the content of the procedural document on the web page of the administrative authority. A procedural document is deemed to be served to a person when the procedural document, including the content of the summons, has been published on the web page of the administrative authority.

§ 40.  Service of procedural act if location of person is unknown

 (1) If the address of the location of the person is unknown to an administrative authority and the administrative authority has failed to find out the location of the person within reasonable period of time or with reasonable effort, the personal details of the addressee of the administrative act and of the operative part of both a favourable and encumbering administrative act or a procedural document, including the content of the summons, may be published on the web page of the administrative authority.

 (2) An administrative act is deemed to be served to a person and have entered into force and a procedural document to be served when the operative part of the administrative act or the content of the procedural document have been published on the web page of an administrative authority.

§ 41.  State fee

 (1) A state fee shall be paid according to the rate that is established in the State Fees Act for the performance of the following acts and review of applications for the issue of administrative acts:
 1) a review of an application for a residence permit, extension of a residence permit and resumption of a residence permit;
 2) [Repealed – RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 - entry into force 01.09.2013];
 3) [Repealed – RT I, 09.12.2010, 1 - entry into force 01.01.2011]
 4) a review of an application for visa and for the extension of the period of stay and;
[RT I, 23.03.2011, 2 - entry into force 05.04.2011]
 5) a registration of short-term working.
 6) a review of appeals submitted against the decision taken in the course of the contestation of a decision on the refusal to issue a visa, annulment of a visa, revocation of a visa, refusal to extend the period of stay and premature termination of the period of stay,
[RT I, 23.03.2011, 2 - entry into force 05.04.2011]
 7) a review of an application for the formalisation as a long-stay-visa of the right to stay in Estonia arising from the expiry of the period of validity of the temporary residence permit.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

 (2) A state fee shall not be refunded in case of a refusal to review an application.

§ 42.  Preservation of procedural documents

  A person’s request, application, evidence, record, data about sending the summons and service of the document and other procedural documents shall be preserved pursuant to the procedure prescribed in the legislation of the European Union, the Archive’s Act and in the regulations issued on the basis thereof.

§ 42¹.  Opinion of another administrative authority and person

 (1) If the opinion of another administrative authority, a natural or legal person is needed for an administrative authority upon carrying out the proceedings provided for in this Act, the administrative authority may ask for the necessary opinion.

 (2) If another administrative authority, natural or legal person has not provided the opinion thereof within the prescribed period or has not extended the time limit, the administrative authority shall carry out the proceeding without the opinion of another administrative authority, natural or legal person.
[RT I, 29.06.2012, 5 - entry into force 01.07.2012]

Chapter 2 TEMPORARY STAY IN ESTONIA AND SHORT-TERM EMPLOYMENT 

Division 1 Temporary stay in Estonia 

Subdivision 1 Legal bases for entry into Estonia and temporary stay in Estonia 

§ 43.  Legal bases for entry into Estonia and temporary stay in Estonia

 (1) An alien shall have a legal basis for entry into Estonia and temporary stay in Estonia. The legal bases of an alien for a temporary stay in Estonia are:
 1) a visa issued by a competent Estonian agency;
 2) a visa issued by a competent agency of a member state of the Schengen Convention unless the terms of a visa preclude the right to stay in Estonia;
 3) the right to stay in Estonia arising directly from a treaty;
 4) the right to stay in Estonia arising from a resolution of the Government of the Republic to forego the visa requirement;
 5) the right or obligation to stay in Estonia directly arising from law, a judicial decision or an administrative act;
 6) a residence permit issued by a competent agency of a member state of the Schengen Convention;
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]
 7) a diplomatic or service card issued by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to the staff of the diplomatic mission and consular post of a foreign state and a representation of an international organisation accredited to Estonia, their family members and private staff;
 8) the right to stay in Estonia arising from the expiry of the period of validity of the temporary residence permit;
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]
 9) a residence permit of an intra-corporate transferee (hereinafter intra-corporate transferee permit) issued by a competent agency of a member state of the European Union on the basis of Directive 2014/66/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council on the conditions of entry and residence of third-country nationals in the framework of an intra-corporate transfer (OJ L 157, 27.05.2014, pp.1–22).

 (2) A long-stay visa issued by a competent agency of a member state of the Schengen Convention is a legal basis for the stay of an alien in Estonia pursuant to a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council (EU) No 265/2010 amending the Convention Implementing the Schengen Agreement and Regulation (EC) No 562/2006 as regards movement of persons with a long-stay visa (OJ L 85, 31.03.2010, pp.1-4).
[RT I, 23.03.2011, 2 - entry into force 05.04.2011]

 (3) The legal basis provided for in clause (1) 5) of this section is a legal basis for the stay in Estonia of prisoners or persons in detention or custody staying in a custodial institution in Estonia and they do not need any other legal basis for the stay in Estonia provided for in this Act or any other Act during their stay in a custodial institution.

 (3¹) An obligation to leave Estonia imposed by an administrative Act or judicial decision is not deemed a legal basis for a temporary stay in Estonia of an alien for the purposes of clause (1) 5) of this section.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (4) The basis provided for in clause (1) 8) of this section is a legal basis for the stay in Estonia of an alien within the following 90 days as of the day of expiry of the period of validity of the residence permit if the period of validity of the temporary residence permit of an alien terminated on the date of expiry.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

 (5) The basis provided for in clause (1) 8) of this section is a legal basis for the stay in Estonia of an alien within the following 183 days as of the day of expiry of the period of validity of the temporary residence permit issued on the basis of clause 118 3) or clause 181 (1) 6) of this Act if the period of validity of the residence permit of an alien terminated on the date of expiry.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

 (6) An intra-corporate transferee permit is a legal basis for the stay in Estonia for the purpose of work in the framework of an intra-corporate transfer and for movement in transit to another member state of the European Union for the purpose of an intra-corporate transfer.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

§ 44.  Terms for temporary stay in Estonia

 (1) An alien may stay in Estonia under the terms and conditions determined by visa.

 (2) If an agreement has been entered into with a foreign state for visa-free travel or the visa requirement has been waived for the citizens of a foreign state, a citizen of such foreign state may stay in the member states of the Schengen Convention, including Estonia, for up to a total of 90 days within any period of 180 days unless otherwise provided for by the treaty.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 - entry into force 02.04.2015]

 (3) It is permitted to stay in Estonia on the basis of a residence permit issued by a competent agency of a member state of the Schengen Convention for up to a total of 90 calendar days within the period of 180 days.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 - entry into force 02.04.2015]

 (3¹) The intra-corporate transferee permit issued by a competent agency of another member state of the European Union allows staying in Estonia for the purpose of intra-corporate transfer during the period of validity of such residence permit.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

 (4) An alien who is a crew member may be permitted to Estonia as a transit passenger if the purpose of the entry into Estonia is to commence or terminate employment as a crew member on board of a ship at an Estonian port or the commencement of employment on board of another ship at an Estonian port or in cases provided for in a treaty for transferring to a ship in another state or returning to the country of origin.

§ 45.  Health insurance policy

 (1) During the temporary stay in Estonia and applying for extension of the period of stay an alien is required to have a valid health insurance policy guaranteeing that any costs related to his or her medical treatment as a result of illness or injury during the period of stay in Estonia will be met.

 (2) An alien need not have a health insurance policy:
 1) if an alien is deemed to be a person covered by compulsory health insurance pursuant to the Health Insurance Act;
 2) if an alien has an insurance policy guaranteeing that any costs related to his or her medical treatment as a result of illness or injury will be met to the same extent as for a person covered by health insurance;
 3) in a case provided by a treaty or;
 4) if any costs related to his or her medical treatment as a result of illness or injury shall be paid by another state or international organisation.

Subdivision 2 Extension of period of temporary stay in Estonia 

§ 46.  Conditions of extension of period of stay

 (1) The period of stay in Estonia permitted on the legal basis for temporary stay in Estonia (hereinafter referred to as ‘period of stay’ in this division) is generally not extended.

 (2) As an exception, the period of stay may be extended up to ninety days if a circumstance has arisen of which an alien was unaware before entry into Estonia or a new circumstance has arisen after the entry of an alien into Estonia.

 (3) At least one of the following reasons is deemed to be a circumstance specified in subsection (2) of this section that requires a continued temporary stay of an alien in Estonia or prevents his or her departure from Estonia:
 1) force majeure;
 2) a humanitarian ground;
 3) a good occupational reason and
 4) a good personal reason

 (4) The right or obligation to stay in Estonia directly arising from law, a judicial decision or an administrative act shall not be extended pursuant to this Act.

§ 47.  Legal effect of application for extension of period of stay

  If an alien has applied for the extension of the period of stay during the period of temporary stay, his or her stay in Estonia is deemed legal during the review of his or her application.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

§ 48.  Refusal to extend period of stay

 (1) The extension of the period of stay is refused if:
 1) a circumstance which is the basis for premature termination of the period of stay exists with regard to an alien;
 2) an application for the extension of the period of stay is not submitted within the specified term;
 3) upon application for the extension of the period of stay, false information or falsified documents have been submitted about the facts relevant to the proceedings;
 4) an alien fails to submit information and evidence at the request of and within the term designated by an administrative authority;
 5) there is doubt that the alleged purpose of extension of the period of stay of an alien does not correspond to the actual purpose of the continued stay of an alien in Estonia;
 6) an application for extension of the period of stay submitted by an alien is not substantiated;
 7) there is reason to doubt the trustworthiness of an alien;
 8) the travel document of an alien does not comply with the established requirements;
 9) an alien does not hold a valid travel document;
 10) other facts which preclude extension of the period of stay exist.

 (2) If a legal basis for an alien to stay in Estonia is a residence permit issued by a competent agency of a member state of the Schengen Convention, upon extension of the period of stay, the period of validity of the period of stay shall generally not exceed the period of validity of his or her residence permit.

§ 49.  Grounds for refusal to extend period of stay

 (1) Refusal to extend the period of stay shall not be substantiated.

 (2) The reason for refusal to extend the period of stay or the information thereof shall not be disclosed to an alien or any other person.

§ 50.  Competence to decide extension of period of stay

 (1) The Police and Border Guard Board shall decide on extension or refusal to extend of the period of stay.

 (2) The Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall decide on extension of or refusal to extend the period of stay permitted on the basis of a service card issued to the staff of a diplomatic mission and consular post of a foreign state and an agency of an international organisation accredited to Estonia, their family members and private staff.

Subdivision 3 Premature termination of period of temporary stay in Estonia 

§ 51.  Premature termination of period of stay

 (1) Premature termination of the period of stay is shortening of the period of stay of an alien in Estonia permitted on a legal basis for the temporary stay in Estonia of an alien, except by a visa.

 (2) Upon premature termination of the period of stay on a legal basis specified in subsection (1) of this section, the period of stay shall be shortened once.

 (3) The period of stay may be terminated prematurely at any time before entry of an alien into Estonia, at a border checkpoint or during the stay of an alien in Estonia.

§ 52.  Bases for premature termination of period of stay

 (1) The period of stay may be terminated prematurely if at least one of the following bases exists:
 1) an alien does not hold a valid travel document;
 2) the travel document of an alien or the entries in it are falsified;
 3) there is doubt to believe that the alleged purpose of the entry into the territory of the member states of the Schengen Convention of an alien does not correspond to the actual purpose;
 4) an alien has already stayed in the territory of the member states of the Schengen Convention for 90 days within a period of 180 days;
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 - entry into force 02.04.2015]
 5) an alien lacks the sufficient means of subsistence, taking into consideration the duration and nature of the stay in the state, or the means necessary for his or her return to their country of origin or to a transit country.
 6) a prohibition on entry applied by Estonia or a prohibition on entry applied by a member state of the Schengen Convention and entered into the Schengen information system according to the Schengen Convention, applies with regard to an alien and;
 7) an alien may constitute a threat to public order, national security, international relationships or public health of any member state of the European Union.

 (2) There is reason to believe that the alleged purpose of the entry of an alien into the territory of member states of the Schengen Convention does not correspond to the actual purpose thereof for the purposes of clause (1) 3) of this section if, in particular:
 1) there is doubt that an alien may not leave the territory of member states of the Schengen Convention after the expiry of the legal basis;
 2) there is doubt that an alien may violate the conditions of the temporary stay in the territory of the member states of the Schengen Convention;
 3) there is reason to doubt the trustworthiness of an alien or;
 4) an alien does not comply with the conditions of the temporary stay in the territory of the member states of the Schengen Convention.

 (3) The basis indicated in clause (1) 5) of this section is, in particular, applied as a basis for premature termination of the period of stay if:
 1) an alien lacks the required sufficient funds to cover the costs of the stay in the territory of the member states of the Schengen Convention and of his or her departure therefrom or to ensure his or her accommodation or;
 2) the health insurance policy of an alien shall expire before the end of the permitted period of stay.

 (4) The basis indicated in clause (1) 7) of this section is, in particular, applied as the basis for premature termination of the period of stay if:
 1) an alien has been punished for offence or;
 2) a circumstance which is the basis for application of a prohibition on entry exists with regard to an alien.

 (5) The period of stay is not terminated prematurely if the temporary stay of an alien in Estonia is necessary for humanitarian grounds, on grounds of national interests or to fulfil international obligations.

§ 53.  Grounds for premature termination of period of stay

 (1) Upon premature termination of the period of stay an alien shall be notified of the legal basis for termination.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

 (2) The grounds for premature termination of the period of stay or the information thereof shall not be disclosed to an alien or any other person.

§ 54.  Legal effects of premature termination of period of stay

 (1) Upon premature termination of the period of stay before entry of an alien into Estonia or at a border checkpoint, an alien shall not permitted into Estonia and shall be sent back pursuant to the procedure provided for in the State Borders Act.

 (2) Upon premature termination of the period of stay, an alien is required to immediately leave Estonia. The obligation to leave may be immediately executed pursuant to the procedure provided for in the Obligation to Leave and Prohibition on Entry Act.

§ 55.  Competence to decide on premature termination of period of stay

  The Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Police and Border Guard Board or the Estonian Internal Security Service shall prematurely terminate the period of stay.

Division 2 Visa 

Subdivision 1 Categories of visas 

§ 56.  Visa

  A visa is a permit issued to an alien for entry into the territory of the member states of the Schengen Convention, into Estonia or into the transit zone at the airport and for a temporary stay therein under the conditions determined by a visa unless otherwise provided for by law.

§ 57.  Categories of visa

  The categories of visas are:
 1) an airport transit visa;
 2) a short-stay visa and
 3) a long-stay visa.

§ 58.  Airport transit visa

  An airport transit visa may be issued to an alien pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 810/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a Community Code on visas (Visa Code) (OJ L 243, 15.09.2009, pp. 1-58) (hereinafter Visa Code).

§ 59.  Short-Stay Visa

  A short-stay visa may be issued to an alien on the bases provided for in the Visa Code.

§ 60.  Long-Stay Visa

 (1) A long-stay visa may be issued to an alien for single or multiple temporary stay in Estonia.

 (2) A long-stay visa may be issued with a period of validity up to twelve months.
[RT I, 23.03.2011, 2 - entry into force 05.04.2011]

 (3) A long-stay visa may be issued for the period of stay of up to 365 days within twelve consecutive months unless otherwise provided for by a treaty.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

 (4) [Repealed – RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 – entry into force 01.09.2013]

 (5) [Repealed – RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 – entry into force 01.09.2013]

 (6) The whole period of stay of an alien with a long-stay visa shall not be longer than 548 days within 730 consecutive days unless otherwise provided for by a treaty.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

 (7) Subsection 6 of this section shall not be applied with regard to an alien whose short-term employment has been registered on the basis of subsection 106 (10) of this Act if the alien has prior stayed in the state with a long-term visa for purposes other than seasonal work.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

Subdivision 2 Issue of and refusal to issue visa 

Sub-subdivision 1 Issue of visa 

§ 61.  Conditions determined by visa

 (1) The following conditions shall be determined by a visa:
 1) the period of validity – a period during which a visa is valid for single, double or multiple entries into the territory of the member states of the Schengen Convention, Estonia or the transit zone at the airport, for stay therein and departure therefrom;
 2) the period of stay – the number of days during which an alien may stay in the territory of the member states of the Schengen Convention, in Estonia or in the transit zone at the airport during the period of validity of the visa;
 3) the number of entries – the number of entries into the territory of the member states of the Schengen Convention, into Estonia or into the transit zone of the airport permitted to an alien during the period of validity of the visa;
 4) the territorial validity – a territory of one or several member states of the Schengen Convention or the transit zone at the airport where an alien may stay on the condition that the visa area is entered and left through the territory of the state determined by the territorial validity.

 (2) An alien is required to comply with the conditions determined by a visa upon entry into, stay in and departure from the territory of the member states of the Schengen Convention, Estonia or the transit zone of the airport.

§ 62.  Conditions of issue of visas

 (1) An airport transit visa and a short-stay visa may be issued to an alien under the conditions provided for in the Visa Code.

 (2) A long-term visa may be issued to an alien:
 1) who holds a valid travel document;
 2) if the purpose and reason of his or her planned stay in Estonia have been proved and these are in accordance with the provisions of the legislation regulating the temporary stay in Estonia of an alien;
 3) if it is proved that his or her accommodation and staying expenses are covered during his or her stay in Estonia;
 4) if he or she proves the intention to leave Estonia at the latest upon termination of the period of stay;
 5) if it is proved that the costs relating to his or her return to his or her country of origin or departure from Estonia into another country into which he or she has a legal basis to enter are covered and;
 6) who has a valid health insurance policy guaranteeing that any costs related to his or her medical treatment as a result of illness or injury during the period of validity of the visa shall be met, in case of a multiple-stay visa until the expiry of the period of the first planned stay.

 (3) A health insurance policy is not required in the cases of a long-stay visa if an alien is deemed to be a person covered by compulsory health insurance pursuant to the Health Insurance Act or if the costs relating to the medical treatment of an alien are paid by another state or international organisation or in cases provided by a treaty.

§ 62¹.  Issue of visa related to short-term employment of alien in Estonia

 (1) Prior to application for a visa for short-term employment in Estonia an alien is required to register his or her short-term employment in Estonia with the Police and Border Guard Board.

 (2) If an alien is issued a visa for short-term employment in Estonia, a visa may be issued to the spouse, a minor child or an adult child who due to his or her health status or disability is unable to cope independently, under the same conditions as to the specified alien.

 (3) A short-term or long-term visa may be issued to the spouse of an alien, a minor child and an adult child thereof who due to his or her health status or disability is unable to cope independently if the alien has registered his or her short-term employment in Estonia and has a legal basis to stay in Estonia.
[RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 – entry into force 01.09.2013]

§ 62².  Issue of visa related to commencement of studies of alien in Estonia

 (1) A short-term or long-term visa may be issued to an alien for commencement of studies in Estonia.
[RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 – entry into force 01.09.2013]

 (2) A visa related to commencement of studies in Estonia may be issued to an alien who has been enrolled at an educational institution.
[RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 – entry into force 01.09.2013]

 (3) If an alien who has been admitted to the studies in an educational institution at the fourth or fifth qualification level of vocational training, in professional higher education or Bachelor’s studies, to the studies based on the integrated curricula of Bachelor’s and Master’s studies or Master’s or Doctoral studies is issued a visa related to the commencement of studies in Estonia, the spouse of the alien, a minor child thereof and an adult child who due to his or her health status or disability is unable to cope independently may be issued a visa under the same conditions as to the specified alien.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 01.04.2017]

 (4) If an alien has been admitted to the studies in an educational institution at the fourth or fifth qualification level of vocational training, in professional higher education or Bachelor’s studies, to the studies based on the integrated curricula of Bachelor’s and Master’s studies or Master’s or Doctoral studies and the alien has a legal basis for the stay in Estonia, the spouse of the alien, a minor child thereof and an adult child who due to his or her health status or disability is unable to cope independently may be issued a short-term or long-term visa.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 01.04.2017]

 (5) [Repealed - RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 01.04.2017]

§ 62³.  Legal effect of application for long-stay visa

  If an alien has applied for a long-stay visa pursuant to the procedure provided for in § 91¹ of this Act, his or her stay in Estonia is deemed legal during the review of his or her application.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

§ 62⁴.  Issue of visa related to start-up business

 (1) A visa for engagement in start-up business may be issued if the stay of an alien in Estonia is related to foundation or development of a start-up company in Estonia. An alien may be issued a short-stay or long-stay visa for engagement in start-up business.

 (2) A start-up company for the purposes of this Act is a business entity belonging to a company registered in Estonia, which is starting activity with the purpose to develop and launch such a business model with high global growth potential, innovative and replicable that shall significantly contribute to the development of the Estonian business environment.

 (3) If an alien is issued a visa for engagement in start-up business, a visa may be issued to the spouse, a minor child or an adult child who due to his or her health status or disability is unable to cope independently, under the same conditions as to the specified alien.

 (4) ) If an alien is issued a visa for engagement in start-up business, a short-stay or long-stay visa may be issued to the spouse, a minor child or an adult child who due to his or her health status or disability is unable to cope independently.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

§ 62⁴.  Issue of visa related to start-up enterprise

 (1) A visa for engagement in start-up enterprise may be issued if the stay of an alien in Estonia is related to the creation or development of a start-up company in Estonia. An alien may be issued a short-stay or long-stay visa for engagement in start-up enterprise.

 (2) A start-up company for the purposes of this Act is a business entity belonging to a company registered in Estonia, which is starting operation with the purpose to develop and launch such business model with high global growth potential, innovative and replicable that shall significantly contribute to the development of the Estonian business environment.

 (3) If an alien is issued a visa for engagement in start-up enterprise, a visa may be issued to the spouse, a minor child or an adult child who due to his or her health status or disability is unable to cope independently, under the same conditions as to the specified alien.

 (4) ) If an alien is issued a visa for engagement in start-up enterprise, a short-stay or long-stay visa may be issued to the spouse, a minor child or an adult child who due to his or her health status or disability is unable to cope independently.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

§ 63.  Issue of visa at border checkpoint

 (1) Generally visas are not issued at border checkpoints.

 (2) A short-stay visa may be issued at a border checkpoint on the grounds and conditions provided by the Visa Code.

 (3) An airport transit visa and a long-stay visa is not issued at a border checkpoint.

§ 64.  Information regarding issue of visa

  The facts of the issue of a visa and information related thereto shall not be disclosed to an alien or any other person.

Sub-subdivision 2 Refusal to issue visa 

§ 65.  Bases for refusal to issue visa

 (1) The issue of a short-stay visa and an airport transit visa shall be refused on the bases provided for by the Visa Code.

 (2) The issue of a long-stay visa shall be refused if there exists at least one of the following grounds:
 1) an alien does not hold a valid travel document;
 2) the travel document of an alien or the entries in it are falsified;
 3) there is reason to believe that the alleged purpose of the travel of an alien does not correspond to the actual purpose;
 4) an alien lacks the sufficient means of subsistence taking into consideration the duration and nature of the stay in Estonia, or the necessary funds to cover the costs relating to his or her return to the country of origin or the transit country;
 5) a prohibition on entry applied by Estonia is valid with regard to an alien or a Schengen prohibition on entry that is applied by a member state of the uniform visa area of the European Union and, pursuant to Schengen Convention, an alert has been entered in the Schengen Information System for the purposes of refusing him or her an entry;
[RT I, 23.03.2011, 2 - entry into force 05.04.2011]
 6) an alien may constitute a threat to public order, national security, international relations or public health and;
 7) there is reason to doubt the authenticity of the supplementary documents submitted by an alien or the correctness of their contents, the trustworthiness of the statements of an alien or his or her intention to leave Estonia before the expiry of the period of validity of a long-stay visa.

§ 66.  Reasoning of refusal to issue visa

 (1) In the case of the refusal to issue a visa an alien is notified of the legal basis for refusal.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

 (2) The reasons for refusal to issue a visa or the information thereof shall not be disclosed to an alien or any other person.

Subdivision 3 Extension of or refusal to extend period of stay determined by visa 

§ 67.  Conditions of extension of period of stay determined by visa

 (1) The period of stay determined by a visa (hereinafter in this Division period of stay) is generally not extended.

 (2) The period of stay determined by a short-stay visa and an airport transit visa is extended pursuant to the bases provided in the Visa Code.

 (3) As an exception, the period of stay determined by a long-stay visa may be extended up to ninety days if a circumstance has arisen of which an alien was unaware before the entry into Estonia or a new circumstance has arisen after the issue of a visa and the entry of an alien into Estonia.

 (4) At least one of the following facts is considered a circumstance specified in subsection (3) of this section which requires the continued temporary stay of an alien in Estonia or prevents his or her departure from Estonia:
 1) force majeure;
 2) a humanitarian ground;
 3) a good occupational reason and
 4) a good personal reason

 (4¹) The period of stay determined by a long-stay visa shall be extended for short-term employment in Estonia, provided that the whole period of stay of an alien with a long-stay visa is no longer than 548 days within 730 consecutive days.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

 (4²) The period of stay determined by a long-stay visa shall be extended for engagement in start-up enterprise, provided that the whole period of stay of the alien with a long-stay visa is no longer than 548 days within 730 consecutive days.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (4³) If the period of stay determined by a long-stay visa of an alien is extended on the basis of subsection (4²) of this section, the period of stay determined by a long-stay visa may be extended to the spouse, a minor child or an adult child who due to his or her health status or disability is unable to cope independently, under the same conditions as to the specified alien.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (5) Upon extension of the period of stay determined by a visa for longer than the period of validity of a visa, the period of validity of the visa shall extend until the expiry of the period of stay determined by the visa.

§ 68.  Health insurance policy

 (1) An alien applying for extension of the period of stay shall have a health insurance policy guaranteeing that any costs related to his or her medical treatment as a result of illness or injury during his or her temporary stay in Estonia will be met.

 (2) An alien need not hold a health insurance policy:
 1) if he or she is deemed to be a person covered by compulsory health insurance pursuant to the Health Insurance Act;
 2) if he or she holds an insurance contract guaranteeing that any costs related to his or her medical treatment as a result of illness or injury will be met to the same extent as for the persons who are covered with health insurance;
 3) in the cases provided by a treaty;
 4) if the costs relating to the medical treatment as a result of illness or injury of an alien are met by another state or international organisation.

§ 68¹.  Extension of period of stay related to short-term employment of alien in Estonia

 (1) Prior to application for extension of the period of stay determined by a visa on the basis of subsection 67 (4¹) of this Act an alien is required to register his or her short-term employment in Estonia with the Police and Border Guard Board.

 (2) If the period of stay of an alien is extended on the basis of subsection 67 (4¹) of this Act, the period of stay determined by a long-stay visa of a spouse, minor child and an adult child of an alien, who due to health condition or disability is not able to cope independently, under the same conditions as to the specified alien.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

§ 69.  Legal effect of the application for extension of period of stay

  If an alien has applied for the extension of the period of stay during the period of validity of a visa, his or her stay in Estonia is deemed legal during the review of his or her application. [RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

§ 70.  Refusal to extend period of stay

  The extension of the period of stay is refused if:
 1) a circumstance which is the basis for refusal to issue a visa exists in respect of an alien;
 2) an application for the extension of the period of stay is not submitted on time;
 3) upon application for the extension of the period of stay false information or falsified documents have been submitted about the information which is relevant to the proceeding;
 4) an alien fails to provide information and documentary evidence at the request of and within the term designated by the administrative authority;
 5) there is doubt that the alleged purpose of extension of the period of stay of an alien does not correspond to the actual purpose of the continued stay of an alien in the territory of the member states of the Schengen Convention or in Estonia;
 6) an application for the extension of the period of stay submitted by an alien is not substantiated;
 7) there is reason to doubt the trustworthiness of an alien;
 8) the travel document of an alien does not comply with the established requirements;
 9) an alien does not hold a valid travel document or;
 10) other circumstances which preclude extension of the period of stay exist.

§ 71.  Reasoning of refusal to extend period of stay

 (1) Upon refusal to extend the period of stay an alien shall be notified of the legal basis for refusal. [RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

 (2) A reason for refusal to extend the period of stay or the information related thereto shall not be disclosed to an alien or any other person.

Subdivision 4 Validity of visa 

Sub-subdivision 1 Expiry of validity of visa 

§ 72.  Expiry of single-entry visa

 (1) The validity of a single-entry short-stay visa and an airport transit visa expires:
 1) upon the expiry of the period of validity of a visa;
 2) upon termination of the period of stay unless the period of validity of a visa expires earlier;
 3) when an alien leaves the territory of the member states of the Schengen Convention or the airport transit zone;
 4) upon annulment of a visa or:
 5) upon revocation of a visa.

 (2) The validity of a single-entry long-stay visa expires:
 1) upon the expiry of the period of validity of a visa;
 2) upon termination of the period of stay unless the period of validity of a visa expires earlier;
 3) when an alien leaves Estonia;
 4) upon annulment of a visa;
 5) upon revocation of a visa;
 6) upon the issue of a residence permit by a competent Estonian agency.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

§ 73.  Expiry of validity of multiple-entry visa

 (1) The validity of a multiple-entry short-stay visa and an airport transit visa expires:
 1) upon the expiry of the period of validity of a visa;
 2) upon expiry of the period of stay determined by a visa after all the entries into the territory of the member states of the Schengen Convention or into the airport transit zone permitted to an alien by the visa are used, unless the period of validity of the visa expires earlier;
 3) upon expiry of the period of stay determined by a visa after all the entries into the territory of the member states of the Schengen Convention or into the airport transit zone permitted to an alien by the visa are used unless an alien departs from the territory of the member states of the Schengen Convention or the airport transit zone earlier;
 4) upon departure of an alien from the territory of the member states of the Schengen Convention or the airport transit zone after all the entries into the territory of the member states of the Schengen Convention or into the airport transit zone permitted to an alien bya visa are used unless the period of stay or period of validity expires earlier;
 5) upon annulment of a visa;
 6) upon revocation of a visa.

 (3) The validity of a multiple-entry long-stay visa expires:
 1) upon the expiry of the period of validity of a visa;
 2) upon expiry of the period of stay determined by a visa after all the entries into Estonia permitted to an alien by the visa are used unless the period of validity of the visa expires earlier;
 3) upon expiry of the period of stay determined by a visa after all the entries into Estonia permitted to an alien by the visa are used unless an alien departs from Estonia earlier;
 4) upon departure of an alien from Estonia after all the entries into Estonia permitted to an alien by a visa are used unless the period of stay or period of validity expires earlier;
 5) upon annulment of a visa;
 6) upon revocation of a visa;
 7) upon the issue of a residence permit by a competent Estonian agency.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

§ 74.  Obligation of alien to leave territory of member states of Schengen Convention, Estonia and airport transit zone

  An alien is required to leave the territory of the member states of the Schengen Convention, Estonia or the airport transit zone at the latest before the expiry of the validity of visa.

Sub-subdivision 2 Annulment and revocation of visa 

§ 75.  Annulment and revocation of visa

  The annulment and revocation of a visa for the purposes of the Visa Code is revocation of a visa for the purposes of the Administrative Procedure Act.

§ 76.  Annulment of visa

 (1) The annulment of a visa for the purposes of the Visa Code and this Act is revocation of a visa retroactively from the beginning.

 (2) A visa shall be annulled when it becomes evident that the conditions of granting a visa had not been met during the time of granting the visa.

§ 77.  Revocation of visa

 (1) The revocation of a visa for the purposes of the Visa Code and this Act is revocation of a visa prospectively from the moment of making the decision.

 (2) A visa shall be annulled when it becomes evident that the conditions necessary for the issue of a visa are no longer satisfied.

§ 78.  Grounds for annulment and revocation of visa

 (1) A short-stay visa and an airport transit visa shall be annulled and revoked on the bases provided for in the Visa Code.

 (2) A long-stay visa shall be annulled and revoked if at least one of the following bases exists:
 1) an alien does not hold a valid travel document;
 2) the travel document of an alien or the entries therein are falsified;
 3) there is reason to believe that the alleged purpose of the travel of an alien does not correspond to the actual purpose;
 4) an alien lacks the sufficient means of subsistence taking into consideration the duration and nature of the stay in Estonia, or the funds necessary to cover the costs relating to his or her return to the country of origin or the transit country;
 5) a prohibition on entry which is applied by Estonia or the Schengen prohibition on entry which is applied by a member state belonging to the uniform visa area of the European Union and an alert has been entered into the Schengen Information System pursuant to the Schengen Convention is valid with regard to an alien;
[RT I, 23.03.2011, 2 - entry into force 05.04.2011]
 6) an alien may constitute a threat to public order, national security, international relations or public health and
 7) there is reason to doubt the authenticity of the supplementary documents provided by an alien or the correctness of their contents, the trustworthiness of an alien’s statements or his or her intention to leave Estonia before the expiry of the period of validity of a long-stay visa;
 8) an alien has submitted a request therefor.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

§ 79.  Reasoning of annulment and revocation of visa

 (1) Upon annulment and revocation of a visa an alien shall be notified of the legal basis for annulment and revocation.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

 (2) The reasons for annulment and revocation of a visa or the facts related thereto shall not be disclosed to an alien or any other person.

§ 80.  Obligation to leave of alien

 (1) Upon annulment or revocation of a visa, an alien staying in the territory of the member states of the Schengen Convention is obliged to immediately leave the territory of the member states of the Schengen Convention unless an alien has a legal basis for the temporary stay or residence in the state.

 (2) The obligation to leave provided in subsection (1) of this section may become immediately subject to compulsory execution pursuant to the procedure provided for by the Obligation to Leave and Prohibition on Entry Act.

Subdivision 5 Visa proceedings 

Sub-subdivision 1 Competence 

§ 81.  Competence for issue of visa at foreign mission of Estonia

  A consular officer at a foreign mission of Estonia shall decide on the issue of a visa or the refusal to issue a visa.

§ 82.  Co-ordination of issue of visa

 (1) A consular officer is required to coordinate the issue of a visa with agencies within the area of government of the Ministry of the Interior, which is designated by the minister responsible for the area.

 (1¹) The Police and Border Guard Board are required to coordinate the issue of a visa in Estonia with an agency designated by the minister responsible for the area.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

 (2) If an agency designated by the minister responsible for the area refuses to approve the issue of a visa, a consular officer or the Police and Border Guard Board shall substantiate their decision in the visa register upon the issue of the visa.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

 (3) Information concerning coordination of the issue of a visa shall not be disclosed to an alien or any other person.

 (4) The coordination of the issue of a visa is arranged via the visa register.

 (5) In cases provided by the legislation of the European Union the issue of a visa shall be coordinated with the member states of the Schengen Convention.

§ 82¹.  Competence for issue of visa in Estonia

  The Police and Border Guard Board shall make a decision on the issue of or refusal to issue a visa in Estonia.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

§ 83.  Competence for issue of visa at border checkpoint

  The Police and Border Guard Board shall make a decision on the issue of or refusal to issue a visa to an alien at a border checkpoint in exceptional cases.

§ 84.  Competence for extension of period of stay

  The Police and Border Guard Board shall make a decision on the extension of or refusal to extend the period of stay.

§ 85.  Competence regarding annulment of visa

 (1) The annulment of a visa shall be decided by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Police and Border Guard Board or the Estonian Internal Security Service.

 (2) The annulment of a visa of an alien who entered into the territory of the Estonian border, transit zone or temporary control line shall be decided by the Police and Border Guard Board.

§ 86.  Competence regarding revocation of visa

  The Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Police and Border Guard Board or the Estonian Internal Security Service shall revoke a visa.

§ 87.  Competence regarding visa waiver

  The Government of the Republic may decide on a visa waiver in correspondence with the Council Regulation (EC) No 539/2001 listing the third countries whose nationals must be in possession of visas when crossing the external borders and those whose nationals are exempt from that requirement (OJ L 81, 21.3.2001, pp. 1-7).

§ 88.  Competence for conclusion of agreements relating to representation

  The Government of the Republic may conclude agreements with foreign states on visa matters relating to the representation of the Republic of Estonia.

Sub-subdivision 2 Application for visa 

§ 89.  Application for visa

 (1) An alien shall submit his or her visa application to obtain a visa.

 (2) An alien of at least 15 years of age residing permanently in a foreign country may independently submit his or her visa application. Upon submission of the visa application independently, an administrative authority may demand a notarially authenticated consent of the legal representative.

§ 90.  Application for visa at foreign mission of Estonia

 (1) The provisions of the Visa Code apply to application for a short-stay visa and an airport transit visa at a foreign mission of Estonia.

 (2) An alien shall submit an application for a long-stay visa at a foreign mission of Estonia in person.

 (3) An alien may send a long-stay visa application to a foreign mission of Estonia by post or through a representative if the state where the alien is permanently staying does not have a foreign mission of Estonia, or it is impossible for the alien, for good reason, to submit the visa application at the foreign mission of Estonia in person and his or her fingerprints captured upon application for his or her last visa enable establishment of identity and are in compliance with the requirements established on the basis of clauses 101 (1) 5)–7) of this Act.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (4) If there is no need for capturing fingerprints, a courier of a governmental authority of the receiving state, a local government agency, the foreign mission or an international organisation may submit the application for the issue of a long-stay visa. In the specified case the courier need not certify the right to represent an alien.

§ 91.  Application for visa at foreign mission of member state of the Schengen Convention

 (1) An alien may submit a visa application for the issue of a short-stay visa and an airport transit visa to the foreign mission of a member state of the Schengen Convention if the Government of the Republic has concluded an agreement with this state on representing the Republic of Estonia in visa matters.

 (2) The provisions of the Visa Code are applied with regard to the submission of an application for the issue of a short-stay visa or an airport transit visa at a foreign mission of a member state of the Schengen Convention.

§ 91¹.  Application for visa at Police and Border Guard Board

 (1) An alien who is staying in Estonia legally on the basis of clauses 43 (1) 1)-4) and 6)-9) of this Act may apply for a long-stay visa at the Police and Border Guard Board.

 (2) In order to apply for a long-stay visa at the Police and Border Guard Board, an alien or his or her representative is required to appear at the Police and Border Guard Board in person.

 (4) An alien may submitted an application for a long-stay visa to the Police and Border Guard Board through a representative if the health condition of an alien does not allow him or her to appear at the Police and Border Guard Board for application of a long-stay visa in person and his or her fingerprints taken upon application for his or her last visa enable identification of the person and comply with the requirements established on the basis of clauses 101 (1) 5)-7) of this Act.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

§ 92.  Application for visa at border checkpoint

  The provisions of the Visa code are applied upon application of a short-stay visa at a border checkpoint.

§ 93.  Application for extension of period of stay

 (1) In order to apply for the extension of the period of stay an application for the extension of the period of stay shall be submitted.

 (2) In order to apply for the extension of the period of stay, an alien or his or her representative is required to appear at the Police and Border Guard Board in person.

 (3) An alien is not required to appear at the Police and Border Guard Board in person if the health condition of an alien does not allow him or her to appear at the Police and Border Guard Board for an extension of period of stay in person. An alien shall provide proof that his or her health condition does not allow him or her to appear there in person.

 (4) If an alien is not required to appear at the Police and Border Guard Board in person, the application for the extension of the period of stay may be submitted through a representative.

 (5) Upon submission of an application for the extension of the period of stay an alien shall have to undergo the procedure of fingerprinting. The alien need not undergo fingerprinting if he or she has undergone fingerprinting upon application for the issue of a visa or the extension of the period of stay earlier and the captured fingerprints enable establishment of identity and are in compliance with the requirements established on the basis of clauses 101 (1) 5)–7) of this Act.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

§ 94.  Term for submission of application for extension of period of stay

  [Repealed - RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 17.01.2017

§ 95.  Specifications of visa application proceedings

 (1) The provisions of § 30 of this Act do not apply to the evidence to be appended to the visa application.

 (2) Subsection 41 (2) of this Act does not apply to the state fees to be paid for the review of a visa application.

§ 96.  Transfer of functions related to visa application proceeding to private legal entity

  The Ministry of Foreign Affairs may transfer the function of receiving visa applications and taking biometric identifiers on the basis of a contract under public law to a private legal entity that complies with the requirements established for an external service provider provided for in the Visa Code.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

Sub-subdivision 3 Procedure 

§ 97.  Refusal to review visa application

 (1) An application for a short stay visa or an airport transit visa shall not be reviewed pursuant to the bases provided in the Visa Code.

 (2) An application for a long-stay visa shall not be reviewed if an alien withdraws the application, or other bases exist for the refusal to review an application provided in the Administrative Procedure Act.

§ 98.  Formalisation of issue of visa

 (1) The issue of a visa shall be formalised by entry of a visa-sticker in the travel document of an alien or on a loose-leaf of the travel document.

 (2) The issue of a visa shall be formalised on a loose-leaf of the travel document of an alien if this travel document is not recognized in Estonia.

§ 99.  Formalisation of extension of period of stay

 (1) The extension of the period of stay shall be formalised by entry of a visa-sticker in the travel document or on a loose-leaf of the travel document of an alien.

 (2) The extension of the period of stay shall be formalised on a loose-leaf of the travel document of an alien if this travel document is not recognized in Estonia.

 (3) In order to formalise the extension of the period of stay, an alien or his or her representative shall appear in person before an administrative authority.

§ 99¹.  Formalisation of right to stay arising from expiry of period of validity of temporary residence permit

 (1) The right to stay in Estonia arising from the expiry of the period of validity of the temporary residence permit may be formalised as a long-stay visa.

 (2) In order to formalise the right to stay arising from the expiry of the period of validity of the temporary residence permit an alien or his or her representative is required to appear at the Police and Border Guard Board in person.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

§ 100.  [Repealed – RT I, 23.02.2011, 2 - entry into force 05.04.2011]

Sub-subdivision 4 Contestation 
[RT I, 23.03.2011, 2 - entry into force 05.04.2011]

§ 100¹.  Contestation of decision on refusal to issue visa, annulment of visa, revocation of visa, refusal to extend period of stay and premature termination of period of stay

 (1) In the decision on the refusal to issue a visa, annulment of visa, revocation of visa, refusal to extend period of stay and premature termination of period of stay (hereinafter in this sub-subdivision decision) an alien shall be notified of the possibility, place, term and procedure of the contestation of the decision.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

 (1¹) An alien may submit an application for the review of a decision (hereinafter in this subdivision an appeal) within 30 days as of the date of notification of the decision.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

 (2) The term prescribed for the lodging of an appeal shall not be restored.

§ 100².  Legal status of alien who lodged appeal

  The lodging of an appeal does not constitute a basis for the entry into and continued stay in the territory of the member states of the Schengen Convention and does not postpone the performance of the obligation of an alien to leave the territory of the member states of the Schengen Convention or Estonia.

§ 100³.  Requirements for appeal

 (1) An appeal shall be lodged in person, by post or through a representative,

 (2) An appeal shall be lodged in writing.

§ 100⁴.  Place of lodging appeal

 (1) If the decision on the refusal to issue a visa, annulment of and revocation of a visa has been made at a foreign mission of Estonia, an appeal shall be lodged at a foreign mission of Estonia unless otherwise provided in the treaty.

 (2) If the decision on the refusal to issue a visa, annulment and revocation of a visa or premature termination of the period of stay has been made at a border checkpoint, an appeal shall be lodged at the Police and Border Guard Board.

 (3) If an alien is staying in Estonia during making the decision on annulment of a visa, revocation of a visa or premature termination of the period of stay, an appeal shall be lodged at an administrative authority that made the decision.

 (4) An appeal against the decision to refuse to extend the period of stay shall be lodged at the Police and Border Guard Board.

§ 100⁵.  Competence for review of appeal

 (1) If a decision on the refusal to issue a visa, annulment of a visa or revocation of a visa has been made at a foreign mission of Estonia, an appeal shall be reviewed and new decision shall be made, if necessary, by a foreign mission of Estonia.

 (2) If a decision on the refusal to issue a visa, annulment of a visa, revocation of a visa or premature termination of the period of stay has been made by the Police and Border Guard Board or the Estonian Internal Security Service, an appeal shall be reviewed and, if necessary, new decision shall be made by the Police and Border Guard Board or the Estonian Internal Security Service.

 (3) An appeal against the decision on the refusal to extend the period of stay shall be reviewed and, if necessary, a new decision shall be made by the Police and Border Guard Board.

 (4) If in the course of the review of an appeal lodged against the decision to refuse the issue of a visa it becomes evident that the issue of a visa had not been coordinated with an agency within the area of government of the Ministry of the Interior, a foreign mission of Estonia shall forward the visa application again for coordination with the an agency within the area of government of the Ministry of the Interior.

§ 100⁶.  Procedure for review of appeal

 (1) In the course of the review of an appeal a competent administrative authority shall examine the legality and feasibility of the decision on the refusal to issue a visa, annulment of a visa, revocation of a visa, refusal to extend the period of stay and premature termination of the period of stay.

 (2) If upon review of an appeal it becomes evident that the issue of a visa to an alien has not been coordinated with an agency in the area of government of the Ministry of the Interior, a foreign mission of Estonia shall forward the application for a visa again for coordination with the agencies within the area of government of the Ministry of the Interior.

 (3) An appeal lodged by an alien shall be reviewed and, if necessary, a new decision shall be made within 15 days as of the date of the lodge of an appeal.

§ 100⁷.  Justification of decision made on basis of appeal

  An administrative authority may:
 1) satisfy the appeal and repeal the decision on the refusal to issue a visa, annulment of a visa, revocation of a visa, refusal to extend the period of stay or premature termination of the period of stay invalid and make the new decision;
 2) dismiss the appeal and refuse to make amendments to the decision on the refusal to issue a visa, annulment of a visa, revocation of a visa, refusal to extend the period of stay or premature termination of the period of stay.

§ 100⁸.  Justification of decision made on basis of appeal

 (1) A decision made on the basis of an appeal shall not be substantiated.

 (2) An alien or any other person shall not be notified of the facts on the basis of which the decision is made, the reason for making the decision or the information related thereto.

§ 100⁹.  Notification of decision made on basis of appeal

  A decision made on the basis of an appeal shall be communicated to an alien pursuant to the contact details that he or she has provided in the application.
[RT I, 23.03.2011, 2 - entry into force 05.04.2011]

Sub-subdivision 5 Appeal against decision made in course of contestation 
[RT I, 23.03.2011, 2 - entry into force 05.04.2011]

§ 100¹⁰.  Appeal against decision made in course of contestation

 (1) An alien may lodge an appeal against the decision made in the course of challenging the decision on the refusal to issue a visa, annulment of a visa, revocation of a visa, refusal to extend the period of stay and premature termination of the period of stay for the second review of the decision on the refusal to issue a visa, annulment of a visa, revocation of a visa, refusal to extend the period of stay and premature termination of the period of stay (hereinafter in this subdivision an appeal) within 30 days as of the date of notification of the decision made on the basis of the appeal specified in § 1001 of this Act.
[RT I, 21.04.2021, 30 - entry into force 20.04.2021 - The resolution of the Constitutional Review Chamber of the Supreme Court declares subsection 100.10 (1), subsection 100.13 (2) and § 100.18 of the Aliens Act unconstitutional and invalid in the part that they preclude filing an appeal with the administrative court for challenging premature termination of the period of stay.]

 (2) The term for lodging of an appeal shall not be restored.

§ 100¹¹.  Legal status of alien who has lodged appeal

  The lodging of an appeal does not constitute a basis for the entry into the territory of the member states of the Schengen Convention, for the continued stay in the territory of the member states of the Schengen Convention or does it postpone the performance of the obligation of an alien to leave the territory of the member states of the Schengen Convention.

§ 100¹².  Requirements for appeal

 (1) An appeal shall be lodged in person, by post or through a representative,

 (2) An appeal shall be lodged in writing.

§ 100¹³.  Place of lodging appeal

 (1) If a decision on the refusal to issue a visa, annulment of a visa or revocation of a visa has been made by a foreign mission of Estonia, an appeal shall be lodged with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

 (2) If a decision on the refusal to issue a visa, annulment of a visa, revocation of a visa, refusal to extend the period of stay or premature termination of the period of stay has been made by the Police and Border Guard Board or the Estonian Internal Security Service, an appeal shall be lodged with the Ministry of the Interior.
[RT I, 21.04.2021, 30 - entry into force 20.04.2021 - The resolution of the Constitutional Review Chamber of the Supreme Court declares subsection 100.10 (1), subsection 100.13 (2) and § 100.18 of the Aliens Act unconstitutional and invalid in the part that they preclude filing an appeal with the administrative court for challenging premature termination of the period of stay.]

§ 100¹⁴.  Competence for review of appeal and procedure

 (1) If a decision on the refusal to issue a visa, annulment of a visa or revocation of a visa has been made by the foreign mission of Estonia, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall carry out the second review of the decision.

 (2) If a decision on the refusal to issue a visa, annulment of a visa, revocation of a visa, refusal to extend the period of stay or premature termination of the period of stay has been made by the Police and Border Guard Board or the Estonian Internal Security Service, the Ministry of the Interior shall review the decision for the second time.

 (3) If upon the second review of the decision on the refusal to issue a visa it becomes evident that the issue of a visa to an alien has not been coordinated with an agency in the area of government of the Ministry of the Interior designated by the minister responsible for the area, a foreign mission of Estonia shall involve the Ministry of the Interior in the proceedings.

 (4) In the case specified in subsection (3) of this section the Ministry of the Interior shall, in the course of the review proceedings of the appeal, examine the legality and feasibility of the activity of the agency within the area of government of the Ministry of the Interior upon implementation of the coordination proceedings of the issue of a visa and shall forward its opinion to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Upon assessment of the legality and feasibility of the activity of the agency within the area of government of the Ministry of the Interior the opinion of the Ministry of the Interior is final.

 (5) A decision on the refusal to issue a visa, annulment of a visa, revocation of a visa, refusal to extend the period of stay or premature termination of the period of stay shall be reviewed for the second time and, if necessary, a new decision shall be made within 15 days as of the date of the lodging of an appeal..

 (6) The Ministry of the Interior shall forward the opinion specified in subsection (4) of this section to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs within seven days as of the involvement of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in the proceedings.

§ 100¹⁵.  Decision made on basis of appeal

  An administrative authority may:
 1) satisfy the appeal and repeal the decision on the refusal to issue a visa, annulment of a visa, revocation of a visa, refusal to extend the period of stay or premature termination of the period of stay and make a new decision;
 2) dismiss the appeal and refuse to make amendments to the decision on the refusal to issue a visa, annulment of a visa, revocation of a visa, refusal to extend the period of stay or premature termination of the period of stay.

§ 100¹⁶.  Justification of decision made on basis of appeal

 (1) A decision made on the basis of an appeal shall not be substantiated.

 (2) An alien or any other person shall not be notified of the facts on the basis of which the decision is made, of the reason for making the decision or of the information related thereto.

§ 100¹⁷.  Notification of decision made on basis of appeal

  A decision made on basis of an appeal shall be communicated to an alien according to the contact details that he or she provided in the appeal.

§ 100¹⁸.  Contestation of decision made on basis of appeal

  A new appeal or action cannot be filed with the administrative court against the decision made on the basis of an appeal
[RT I, 21.04.2021, 30 - entry into force 20.04.2021 - The resolution of the Constitutional Review Chamber of the Supreme Court declares subsection 100.10 (1), subsection 100.13 (2) and § 100.18 of the Aliens Act unconstitutional and invalid in the part that they preclude filing an appeal with the administrative court for challenging premature termination of the period of stay.]

§ 100¹⁹.  Specifications of contestation of decision on refusal to issue visa

  If an alien has contested a decision on the refusal to issue a visa and submits a new visa application at a foreign mission of Estonia, his or her subsequent application for a visa shall be suspended until the final decision has been made with regard to the first visa application.
[RT I, 23.03.2011 - entry into force 05.04.2011]

Subdivision 6 Organisation of visa affairs 

§ 101.  Organisation of visa affairs

 (1) The minister responsible for the area in coordination with the Minister of Foreign Affairs shall establish by a regulation the following:
 1) the list and requirements for submission of the information to be provided upon application for issue of a long-stay visa and the extension of the period of stay and of the evidence to be appended to the application;
 2) the terms for the issue and refusal to issue of a visa, for the extension of and refusal to extend the period of stay, the premature termination of the period of stay and for the annulment and revocation of a visa;
 3) the procedure and terms for the grant of approval upon making decisions on the issue of visas;
 4) the rate of funds which are sufficient to cover for the expenses of application for and holding of a visa and the insurance coverage rate indicated in the health insurance policy;
 5) the procedure for taking fingerprints of an alien who applies for issue of a visa or extension of the period of stay;
6 ) the minimum age limit under which the fingerprints of a person are not captured in long-stay visa proceedings;
 7) a list of other persons or categories of persons whose fingerprints are not captured in the long-stay visa proceedings and
 8) a list of authorities competent to process the VIS data in the visa information system established on the basis of Regulation (EC) No 767/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council regarding the information exchange between the visa information system (VIS) and the member states relating to short-stay visas (VIS Regulation)(OJ L 218, 13.08.2008, pp. 60-81);
 9) a format of an application submitted for challenging the decision on the refusal to issue a visa, annulment of a visa, revocation of a visa, refusal to extend the period of stay and premature termination of the period of stay, a list of information to be submitted in the application and of the evidence to be appended.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 - entry into force 01.01.2016]

 (2) The minister responsible for the area shall establish by a regulation:
 1) a format for the list of students who are third-country nationals residing in a member state of the European Union and are participating in school trips, and the procedure for the completion and the guidelines for using thereof;
 2) [Repealed - RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 01.04.2017]

 (3) The minister responsible for the area shall establish by a regulation:
 1) the requirements for the format of an application for extension of the period of stay and for the completion thereof and the terms for submission of the application;
 2) a list of agencies which are competent to approve the issue of a visa;
 3) a list of national notations entered in the data field of a visa sticker “COMMENTS”;
 4) the requirements for the completion of an application for formalisation as a long-stay visa of the right to stay arising from the expiry of the period of validity of the temporary residence permit and the list and requirements for submission of the data, which are necessary for the establishment of identity and making the decision, to be submitted upon application;
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 17.01.2017]
 5) the requirements and procedure for assessment of the compliance with the specification of a start-up company upon application for a visa, the list of data and evidence to be submitted for that purpose and the requirements for the submission thereof.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (4) The Minister of the Interior may establish by a regulation a list of authorities competent to organise the exchange of information relating to the uniform visa that is issued by a competent authority of a member state of the Schengen Convention.

 (5) The minister responsible for the area shall establish by a regulation the requirements for the format and completion of an application for the long-stay visa and the terms for submission of the application.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

§ 102.  Visa register

 (1) The Visa Register is a database established by the Government of the Republic of Estonia. The statutes for maintenance of the database are established by a regulation of the minister responsible for the area.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

 (2) The purpose of maintaining the visa register is to ensure public order and national security through processing data of the legal bases and conditions of a temporary stay in Estonia of aliens.

 (3) With the purpose to meet the objective set to the maintenance of the database the data of the applications for the issue of a visa, extension of the period of stay, premature termination of the period of stay, annulment of visas, revocation of visas and coordination of visas and the data of the administrative acts issued and acts performed in the course of the respective proceedings are processed in the course of the implementation of the functions provided for in a legal act of the European Union, a treaty, an act and a regulation

 (4) In private and public legal relations the data of the database regarding the administrative acts issued and acts executed in the proceedings indicated in subsection (3) of this section may be taken as a basis for the existence of the data regarding the legal basis of the temporary stay, residence and employment in Estonia of an alien and of the conditions of the temporary stay, residence and employment in Estonia.

 (5) The data processed in the database are not public unless otherwise provided by this Act.

 (6) The Police and Border Guard Board may enable verification of the validity of a visa on its public web page without disclosing the personal data of an alien thereby.

 (7) The Visa Register is connected to the joint Visa Information System of the European Union according to the legislation of the European Union

§ 103.  Organisation of exchange of information relating to uniform visa

  The exchange of information relating to a uniform visa issued by a competent governmental authority of a member state of the Schengen Convention is organised, according to the competence, by the Ministry of the Interior or by an agency within the area of government of the Ministry of the Interior assigned by the minister responsible for the area and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

Division 3 Employment in Estonia of alien staying temporarily in Estonia 

Subdivision 1 Permissibility of employment of alien staying temporarily in Estonia 

§ 104.  Legal bases for employment in Estonia of alien staying temporarily in Estonia

 (1) An alien who is staying temporarily in Estonia may work in Estonia if he or she has registered his or her employment or his or her right to work in Estonia arises directly from the law or the treaty ratified by the Riigikogu.

 (2) An alien who is staying temporarily in Estonia is prohibited to take employment in Estonia if an alien has not registered his or her employment, except in cases provided for by a treaty or law.

 (3) An alien who is staying in Estonia without a legal basis, including who has been imposed an obligation to leave Estonia by an administrative Act or judicial decision, is prohibited to take employment in Estonia.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 - entry into force 02.04.2015]

§ 105.  Right to work in Estonia arising from law

 (1) An alien who is a prisoner or a person in detention or custody and is staying in a custodial institution in Estonia is allowed to work in Estonia in the course of the period of stay in the custodial institution.

 (2) An alien who is a member of a locomotive crew, or belongs to the service personnel of a locomotive or train, or is a driver of a motor vehicle engaged in the carriage of passengers or goods involving the crossing of the national border, or a member of an aircraft crew is permitted to work in Estonia although the alien does not have a residence in Estonia and his or her employer does not have a permanent establishment of the undertaking in Estonia but a legal basis exists for the temporary stay in Estonia of an alien.

 (3) An alien who has a legal basis for a temporary stay in Estonia may be permitted to stay in Estonia for the purposes of performing directing or supervisory functions of a legal entity or a branch of a foreign company registered in Estonia for the duration of his or her temporary stay.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (4) An alien may take employment in Estonia without a residence permit issued for employment if he or she:
 1) has a visa or residence permit issued by a competent authority of a member state of the Schengen Convention and has the right for employment in such member state, in the case the employment in Estonia of the alien is related to the assumption of the company in Estonia and the alien has a legal basis for the stay in Estonia;
 2) is a journalist accredited by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, who has a legal basis for the stay in Estonia and whose term of employment does not exceed 270 days within 365 consecutive days;
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 17.01.2017]
 3) who has a legal basis for the stay in Estonia, whose employment is of temporary nature and whose term of employment does not exceed five days within the period of 30 days;
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]
 4) who has the right to stay in Estonia arising from the expiry of the period of validity of the temporary residence permit.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

Subdivision 2 Short-term employment in Estonia 

§ 106.  Registration of short-term employment in Estonia

 (1) An alien who has a legal basis for temporary stay in Estonia and whose employment has been registered with the Police and Border Guard Board before the employment commences, may take employment in Estonia for a short term.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

 (1¹) The short-term employment in Estonia of an alien may be registered if:
 1) the alien has would comply with the requisite qualifications, training, state of health, work experience and the necessary professional skills and knowledge to assume such position;
 2) the employer is registered in Estonia.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

 (1²) The requirements for registration of short-term employment in Estonia shall be continuously met during the short-term employment in Estonia of an alien.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

 (1³) Short-term employment in Estonia is permitted for up to 270 days within 365 consecutive days unless otherwise provided for in this Act.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

 (1⁴) Subsection (1³) shall not be applied in the following cases:
 1) for employment as a teacher in Estonia in an educational institution which complies with the requirements established by legislation;
 2) for research work if an alien has appropriate professional training or experience therefor, or for employment as a lecturer in Estonian in an educational institution which complies with the requirements established by legislation;
 3) for employment as a top specialist provided that an alien has appropriate professional training for such activities;
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 17.01.2017]
 4) employment in a start-up company.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (2) An alien who has a legal basis for a temporary stay in Estonia and whose employment has been registered with the Police and Border Guard Board before the employment commences may take employment in Estonia without a residence permit for employment under the conditions provided for by a treaty.
[RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 - entry into force 01.09.2013]

 (3) For the purposes of clause (1⁴) 3) of this section a top specialist is an alien who has acquired appropriate professional training in any field to whom an employer registered in Estonia undertakes to pay remuneration for professional work in the amount at least equal to the annual average gross monthly salary in Estonia, last published by Statistics Estonia, multiplied by a coefficient of 2.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

 (4) Short-term employment may be registered on the basis specified in clause (1⁴) 3) of this section if the company where the alien commences employment has been registered in Estonia for at least 12 months and, in addition to the requirements provided for in subsection (1¹) of this section, at least one of the following conditions is met:
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 17.01.2017]
 1) the company has at least 65,000 euros of the paid-in equity capital, for which immovable property, machinery and equipment has been acquired in Estonia and accounted for as fixed assets or for which investment has been made in another company registered in Estonia which has actual business activity in Estonia, or in an investment fund created or established on the basis of the Investment Funds Act;
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]
 2) the sales revenue of the company is at least 200,000 euros per year;
 3) the social tax paid in Estonia monthly for persons employed in the company is, in the case of remuneration in the amount of five times the annual average gross monthly salary in Estonia, at least equal to the social tax paid in Estonia monthly.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

 (5) Short-term employment may be registered on the basis specified in clause (1⁴) 3) of this section if the company where the alien commences employment has been registered in Estonia for less than 12 months and commences operation with the support of the state or private investments, having received investment or loan from the state or a private management company licensed by the Financial Supervision Authority or a support from a public support measure.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

 (6) [Repealed - RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (7) Short-term employment in Estonia of an alien may be registered also in the case of temporary agency work in the user undertaking for the purposes of subsection 6 (5) of the Employment Contracts Act, except on the basis specified in subsection 13 of this section.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

 (8) Temporary agency work may be registered as short-term employment if the employer who is registered in Estonia is acting as an intermediary of temporary agency work and the employer has funds in deposit to the extent of at least ten per cent of the remuneration fund.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

 (9) The deposit account shall be opened in a credit institution registered in Estonia for the purposes of the Credit Institutions Act and the funds in the deposit are required at the rate established in subsection (8) of this section during the whole period of short-term employment.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

 (10) Short-term employment of an alien as a seasonal worker may be registered if:
 1) the alien commences work in the area of activity dependent upon season listed in the regulation established on the basis of subsection 110 (3) of this Act;
 2) an employer has entered into a short-term employment contract with an alien before the submission of an application for registration of short-term employment or has made a job offer by which the employer expresses his or her will to be legally bound with the employment contract to be concluded and undertakes to employ the alien under the conditions determined in the concluded contract entered into or the job offer made;
 3) the accommodation of an alien during the stay in Estonia shall be ensured in a dwelling or accommodation establishment which complies with the requirements established in the legislation.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

 (11) A seasonal worker for the purposes of this Act is an alien whose permanent or habitual residence is in a third country and who is staying in Estonia on the basis specified in clause 43 (1) 1), 2) or 4) of this Act and who is doing seasonal work on the basis of the temporary employment contract concluded with an employer registered in Estonia.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

 (12) If the accommodation of a seasonal worker is organised by or through the employer, the cost of accommodation cannot be excessive or disproportionate compared to the one month’s remuneration of the alien and the cost of accommodation cannot be deducted from the remuneration of the alien..
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

 (13) The short-term employment in Estonia for the purpose of intra-corporate transfer is allowed as an executive, specialist or trainee employee during the period of validity of the residence permit with the intra-corporate transferee permit of another member state of the European union.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

 (14) Employment of an alien as an intra-corporate transferee in the case not specified in subsection 13 of this section may be registered if:
 1) the host entity belongs to the same group with or is a branch of the company located outside a member state of the European Union;
 2) the alien arrives into Estonia for the purpose of intra-corporate transfer;
 3) an intra-corporate transferee holds an employment contract with a company located outside a member state of the European Union on the basis of which the host entity undertakes to employ the person under the conditions determined in the employment contract.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

§ 107.  Amount of remuneration paid to alien

 (1) An employer is obliged to pay an alien whose short-term employment in Estonia has been registered a remuneration in the amount equal to at least the annual average gross monthly salary last published by Statistics Estonia.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

 (1¹) In the case specified in clause 106 (1⁴) 3) of this Act an employer is obliged to pay an alien whose short-term employment in Estonia has been registered a remuneration in the amount at least equal to the annual average gross monthly salary and wages last published by Statistics Estonia, multiplied by a coefficient of 2.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

 (1²) The requirement to pay remuneration provided for in subsection (1) of this section shall not be applied in the following cases:
 1) employment in a performing arts institution as person engaged in creative activities for the purposes of the Performing Arts Institutions Act;
 2) employment as a teacher in Estonia in an educational institution which complies with the requirements established by legislation;
 3) research work if an alien has appropriate professional training or experience therefor, or for employment as a lecturer in Estonia in an educational institution which complies with the requirements established by legislation;
 4) employment in the professional activities in the capacity of a sportsman, coach, referee or sports official by summons of a respective sports federation;
 5) employment for the purposes of vocational training or study at higher education level by way of an internship through the mediation of a foreign educational institution or a student organisation or by placement under guidance of a foreign educational institution if it is part of the training program;
 6) employment within the framework of a youth project or program if the youth project or program is recognised by the Ministry of Education and Research;
 7) employment as service personnel of a foreign mission with the approval of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs;
 8) an alien who is a minister of religion, nun or monk, who is invited to Estonia by a religious association and this invitation has been approved by of the Ministry of the Interior;
 9) an alien is entitled to the right of employment in Estonia arising from a treaty without holding a special permit therefor;
 10) an alien is a posted worker for the purposes of the Working Conditions of Workers Posted in Estonia Act;
 11) employment as a seasonal worker.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 17.01.2017]
 12) employment in a start-up company.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (2) [Repealed - RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

 (2¹) [Repealed - RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

 (3) Remuneration paid to an alien shall be, until the end of the short-term employment, in compliance with the data last published by Statistics Estonia during the application for registration of short-term employment.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

 (4) The Tax and Customs Board shall provide, at the request of the Police and Border Guard Board, the data regarding the remuneration paid to an alien.

§ 107¹.  Legal effect of registration of short-term employment in Estonia

 (1) An alien may commence employment in Estonia from the same calendar day when the employer has registered the short-term employment in Estonia of an alien with the Police and Border Guard Board, in the following cases:
 1) in the case specified in subsections 106 (1⁴) and (13) of this Act;
 2) employment as a seasonal worker under the conditions provided for in subsection 106 (10) of this Act if the alien has worked in Estonian as a seasonal worker for the last five years and his or her registration of short-term employment has not been revoked pursuant to the provisions of § 109 of this Act.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

 (2) In the cases not specified in subsection (1) of this section an alien may commence employment in Estonia from the same calendar day when the Police and Border Guard Board has made a decision on registration of the short-term employment of the alien.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

§ 108.  Refusal to register short-term employment in Estonia

 (1) The registration of the employment in Estonia of an alien is refused if:
 1) at least one of the conditions which is required for registration of the short-term employment is not complied with;
 2) the remuneration of an alien does not correspond to the conditions provided for in this Act;
 3) a prohibition on entry applies with regard to an alien;
 4) [Repealed - RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 17.01.2017]
 5) [Repealed - RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 17.01.2017]
 6) [Repealed - RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 17.01.2017]
 7) [Repealed - RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 17.01.2017]
 8) there is doubt that the alleged purpose of an alien’s employment in Estonia does not correspond to its actual purpose or;
 9) an alien, employer, user undertaking or host entity has provided false information regarding the facts relevant in the proceedings, has used fraud or has submitted falsified documents.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

 (1¹) The registration of employment in Estonian of an alien may be refused if:
 1) and alien, his or her employer or user undertaking has violated this Act and his or her his or her criminal record for the specified violence has not expired;
 2) the employer or user undertaking has tax arrears and they have not been postponed;
 3) bankruptcy proceeding or liquidation proceeding has been commenced with regard to the employer or user undertaking or the company has been declared bankrupt or the employer or user undertaking has no actual economic activities;
 4) a prohibition on business has been imposed with regard to a member of the management body, a partner of a general partnership or a general partner of a limited partnership of an employer or user undertaking which is a legal person or with regard to an employer or user undertaking who is a natural person;
 5) there is reason to doubt the trustworthiness of an alien or his or her employer or user undertaking.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

 (2) If the employment in Estonia of an alien is registered pursuant to subsection 107¹ (1) of this Act and the condition specified in subsection 106 (1⁴) or (13) or clause 107¹ (1) 2) of this Act for registration of short-term employment in Estonia is not met, the Police and Border Guard Board shall, instead of refusal to register short-term employment in Estonia, revoke the registration of the short-term employment of an alien pursuant to provisions of § 109 of this Act.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

§ 109.  Revocation of registration of short-term employment in Estonia

 (1) The registration of employment in Estonia of an alien shall be revoked if a circumstance specified in subsection 108 (1) of this Act that constitutes a basis for the refusal of registration of employment in Estonia becomes evident.

 (2) The registration of employment in Estonian of an alien may be revoked if a circumstance specified in subsection 108 (1¹) of this Act that constitutes a basis for the refusal of registration of employment in Estonia becomes evident.

 (3) Subsection (2) of this section shall not be applied is an alien is employed in Estonian on the basis of subsection 106 (13) of this Act.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

§ 109¹.  Termination of registration of short-term employment in Estonia

 (1) The registration of short-term employment in Estonia of an alien shall terminate upon the expiry of the temporary basis of stay or the issue of a residence permit.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

 (2) Subsection (1) of this section shall not be applied during the review of the application of an alien if the alien is applying for the extension of the period of stay on the basis of subsection 67 (4¹) or (4²) of this Act or for a long-stay visa on the basis of § 91¹ of this Act.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

§ 110.  Organisation of short-term employment in Estonia

 (1) The minister responsible for the area shall establish by a regulation the procedure, terms and the list of information to be presented in the application and of evidence to be appended to the application.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (1¹) The requirements set to private management companies specified in subsection 106 (5) of this Act or the list of private management companies shall be established by a regulation of the Minister of Economic Affairs and Communications.
[RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 – entry into force 01.09.2013]

 (1²) The minister responsible for the area shall establish by a regulation the requirements and procedure for assessment of the compliance with the specification of a start-up company upon application for visa and the list of data and evidence to be submitted for that purpose and the requirements for submission thereof.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (2) A visa that is issued for short-term employment in Estonia shall be formalised as a short stay or long-stay visa.
[RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 – entry into force 01.09.2013]

 (3) The requirements for seasonal work and the list of the areas of activity dependent on a season shall be established by the regulation of the Government of the Republic.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

§ 111.  Database of registration of short-term employment in Estonia

 (1) The database of registering short-term employment of aliens in Estonia is a database established by the Government of the Republic. The statutes for the maintenance of the database shall be established by a regulation of the minister responsible for the area.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

 (2) The objective of the maintenance of the database of the registering of short-term employment of aliens in Estonia is to ensure public order and national security through processing the data of the legal bases and conditions of short-term employment of aliens in Estonia.

 (3) To meet the objective set for the maintenance of the database the data of the administrative acts issued and acts performed in the course of proceedings regarding the aliens who are being employed in Estonia for a short term and their registration applications for short-term employment in Estonia and the revocation of the short-term employment registration are processed in the course of the performance of the functions provided for in a legal act of the European Union, a treaty, an act and a regulation.

 (4) In private and public legal relationships the data of the database regarding the administrative acts issued and the acts performed in the course of the proceedings specified in subsection (3) of this section may be taken as a basis for the data of the existence of the legal basis of the employment of an alien in Estonia and of the conditions of employment in Estonia.

 (5) The data processed d in the database shall not be public unless otherwise provided for in this Act.

 (6) The Police and Border Guard Board may enable verification of the validity of the registration of short-term employment in Estonia on the public web page without disclosing the personal data of an alien thereby.

Chapter 3 RESIDENCE AND EMPLOYMENT IN ESTONIA 

Division 1 Temporary residence permit 

Subdivision 1 Issue of and refusal to issue temporary residence permit 

Sub-subdivision 1 Issue of temporary residence permit 

§ 112.  Temporary residence permit

  A temporary residence permit is a permit issued to an alien for settling and living in Estonia in compliance with the conditions provided for in this Act and specified with the residence permit.

§ 113.  Immigration quota

 (1) The immigration quota limits the number of aliens who can settle in Estonia.

 (2) The annual immigration quota is the quota for aliens immigrating to Estonia, which shall not exceed 0.1 per cent of the permanent population of Estonia annually.

§ 114.  Competence for establishment of immigration quota

 (1) The immigration quota shall be established by a regulation of the Government of the Republic.

 (2) Within the limits of the immigration quota, the minister responsible for the area may, by a ruling, establish a distribution of the immigration quota according to the grounds for application and the basis for the issue of a residence permit, as well as the temporal distribution within a year.

§ 115.  Calculation of fulfilment of immigration quota

 (1) The following persons are not included in calculating the fulfilment of the immigration quota:
 1) an Estonian;
 2) the spouse of an Estonian citizen, an Estonian and an alien, who resides in Estonia on the basis of a residence permit, to whom a residence permit is issued to settle with the spouse;
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]
 3) a minor and adult child, parent and grandparent and a ward of an Estonian citizen, an Estonian and an alien, who resides in Estonia on the basis of a residence permit, to whom a residence permit is issued to settle with the close relative;
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]
 4) an alien who is granted a residence permit for study;
 5) an alien who is granted residence permit for employment with the purpose of research activities on condition that the alien has appropriate professional training and education, or as a lecturer in Estonia in an educational institution which complies with the requirements established by the legislation;
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]
 6) an alien who is granted a residence permit for the participation in criminal proceedings;
[RT I, 29.06.2012, 5 - entry into force 01.07.2012]
 7) an alien to whom the issue of a residence permit is justified and who does not present a threat to the interests of Estonia and who settled in Estonia before 1 July in the year 1990 and has not left to settle in another state after the indicated deadline;
 8) a citizen of the United States of America;
 9) a citizen of Japan and;
 10) an alien who has been granted the residence permit considering the fulfilment of immigration quota, and who thereafter has not left to settle in another state.
 11) an alien who has been granted a residence permit for study if he or she is applying for a residence permit on any basis;
[RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 – entry into force 01.09.2013]
 12) an alien who has been granted a residence permit on the basis specified in clause 2) or 3) of this section if he or she is applying for a residence permit on any basis;
[RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 – entry into force 01.09.2013]
 13) an alien who is granted a residence permit for settling permanently in Estonia;
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]
 14) an alien who has been issued a residence permit for employment in a post in the field of speciality of information and communication technology;
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]
 15) an alien who has been issued a residence permit for employment in a start-up company;
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]
 16) an alien who has been issued a residence permit for engagement in business related to start-up business;
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]
 17) an alien who has been issued a residence permit for engagement in enterprise as a large investor.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

§ 116.  Requirements for issue of temporary residence permit

 (1) An alien may be issued a temporary residence permit if the conditions of issue of a residence permit have been met and there are no facts which would result in the refusal to issue a residence permit;

 (2) The requirements for the issue of a temporary residence permit must continue to be met during the period of validity of the residence permit.

§ 117.  Conditions of issue of temporary residence permit

 (1) The general conditions of the issue of a temporary residence permit to an alien are the following:
 1) the purpose of application for the Estonian temporary residence permit is justified;
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]
 2) the actual place of residence is Estonia;
 3) sufficient legal income which would enable an alien and the family members of an alien the subsistence in Estonia and;
 4) a medical expenses insurance contract in compliance with the requirements provided for in § 120 of this Act unless otherwise provided for in this Act.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

 (2) The general conditions for the issue of a temporary residence permit must be met for the issue of a residence permit on any basis.

 (3) The supplementary conditions for the issue of a temporary residence permit on a specific basis have been provided for in this Act separately.

 (4) If the issue of a temporary residence permit on a specific basis does not require that some of the general conditions of the issue of a temporary residence permit be met, it is provided for separately in this Act

§ 118.  Bases for issue of temporary residence permit

  A temporary residence permit may be issued to an alien:
 1) to settle with a spouse;
 2) to settle with a close relative;
 3) for study;
 4) for employment;
 5) for enterprise;
 6) [Repealed - RT I, 29.06.2012, 5 - entry into force 01.07.2012];
 6¹) for participation in criminal proceedings;
[RT I, 29.06.2012, 5 - entry into force 01.01.2015];
 6²) in case of substantial national interest.
[RT I, 29.06.2012, 5 - entry into force 01.01.2015];
 7) on the basis of a treaty or;
 8) in case of substantial public interest.
[Repealed - RT I, 29.06.2012, 5 - entry into force 01.01.2015];
 9) for settling permanently in Estonia.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

§ 119.  Establishment of period of validity of temporary residence permit

 (1) A temporary residence permit is issued with the period of validity of up to five years.

 (2) The proof of facts that form the basis for the issue of the residence permit or of other relevant facts and the possibility that such facts may change during the period of validity of the residence permit to be issued are taken into account upon determination of the period of validity of a temporary residence permit.

§ 120.  Insurance cover

 (1) An alien who is applying for a residence permit or resides in Estonia is required to enter into the medical expenses insurance contract (hereinafter contract) in compliance with the following conditions:
 1) [Repealed - RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]
 2) an insured event is a sudden and unpredictable illness or accident which occurs during the period of insurance with an alien who has been insured on the basis of the insurance contract (hereinafter in this section insured person);
 3) the insurer is required to compensate to the insured person to the extent of the insurance amount for the medically necessary treatment costs arising as a result of an illness or accident and expenses of out-patient examinations, which are made to establish the insured event and prescribe treatment;
 4) the insurance amount for the annual period of insurance is at least 6,000 euros;
 5) if the parties have agreed on the waiting period for the purposes of subsection 558 (1) of the Law of Obligations Act it may not exceed two months;
 6) the contract shall enter into force as of the grant of the residence permit and terminate upon the expiry of the period of validity unless the parties have agreed otherwise;
 7) the insurance cover is valid only in Estonia.

 (2) An alien is required to have the contract specified in subsection (1) of this section during the whole period of validity of the residence permit.

 (3) The contract specified in subsection (1) of this section does not have to cover losses which:
 1) are related to a chronic or congenital illness diagnosed before entry into force of this contract, except in the case of extraordinary exacerbation thereof;
 2) are related to pregnancy, giving birth and the use of health services, dental services or health services fund related thereto that are not included in the list of health services of the health insurance fund;
 3) arise from a traffic accident and which is compensated for by the insurer of traffic insurance;
 4) are usually precluded pursuant to the insurance conditions of the insurers concluding medical expenses insurance contracts due to international insurance and reinsurance practice.

 (4) If an insured person becomes an insured person pursuant to the Health Insurance Act or a person considered equal to such person during the period of insurance, the insurer has no obligation to perform the contract to the extent in which the insured person has the right for medical expenses insurance benefit on the basis of the Health Insurance Act.

 (5) If an insured person becomes an insured person on the basis of the Health Insurance Act or a person considered equal to such person during the period of insurance, the parties shall have the right to withdraw from the contract as from the creation of the insurance cover on the basis of the Health Insurance Act.

 (6) The contract shall be applied the provisions of Chapter 27 of the Law of Obligations Act concerning the medical expenses insurance contract unless otherwise provided for in this section. During the period of validity of the residence permit the provisions of § 559, subsection 561 (1) and § 562 of the Law of Obligations Act shall not be applied to the contract.

 (7) The requirement for compulsory insurance provided for in this section shall be performed by the health insurance or collective health insurance contract concluded by other person in which an alien is noted as an insured person and the insurance cover of medical expenses insurance based thereon is in compliance with the provisions of this section.

 (8) If the object of health insurance is another type of health insurance in addition to the medical expenses insurance, that part of the contract shall not be regarded as compulsory insurance for the purposes of the Insurance Activities Act and the provisions of this section shall not be applied thereto.

 (9) An alien is not required to conclude a contract provided for in this section in the case provided for in a treaty or in the case he or she is a person insured with the compulsory health insurance pursuant to the Health Insurance Act.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

§ 121.  Registration of place of residence in Population Register

 (1) An alien is required to register his or her place of residence in the procedure prescribed by the Population Register Act within one month from the date of arrival into Estonia on the basis of the residence permit.

 (2) An alien who is residing in Estonia during the issue of a residence permit is obliged to register his or her place of residence in the procedure prescribed by the Population Register Act within one month from the date of notification of the decision on the issue of the residence permit.

 (3) An alien is required to have a place of residence registered in Estonia during the whole period of validity of the residence permit.

 (4) The requirement of a registered place of residence shall not be applied to an alien during his or her stay in a prison or a custodial institution. An alien is obliged to register his or her place of residence within one month after he or she is released from prison or after a departure from the custodial institutions.

§ 121¹.  Sending alien to participate in adaptation programme

  The Police and Border Guard Board is sending an alien who has been granted a residence permit or whose residence permit has been extended to participate in the adaptation programme.
[RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 – entry into force 01.09.2013]

Sub-subdivision 2 Refusal to issue temporary residence permit 

§ 122.  Application of bases for refusal to issue temporary residence permit

 (1) The issue of a temporary residence permit shall be refused on the bases specified in this sub-subdivision.
 1) The issue of a temporary residence permit shall be refused on the bases specified in this sub-subdivision.

 (2) The complementary bases for refusal to issue a temporary residence permit, in addition to the bases for refusal to issue a temporary residence permit specified in subdivision, are provided for separately in this Act under the basis for the issue of a respective temporary residence permit.

 (3) If the issue of a temporary residence permit is not refused on some of the bases specified in this sub-subdivision, this is provided for separately in this Act under the basis for the issue of a respective temporary residence permit.

§ 123.  General bases for refusal to issue temporary residence permit

  The issue of a temporary residence permit shall be refused if:
 1) the basis for the issue of a residence permit has ceased to exist;
 2) an alien does not comply with the requirements for the issue of a temporary residence permit;
 3) the application for the issue of a residence permit is not justified;
 4) the immigration quota has been fulfilled by the time of making the decision with regard to the application;
 5) a person has committed to leaving the Republic of Estonia, has received a dwelling in a foreign state through an international aid programme or has received support for leaving Estonia.

§ 124.  Refusal to issue temporary residence permit for considerations of ensuring public order and national security and protection of public health

 (1) The issue of a temporary residence permit may be refused if:
 1) there is reason to believe that the entry into or the stay in Estonia of an alien may constitute a threat to public order;
 2) a circumstance which is the basis for applying the prohibition on entry exists in respect of an alien;
 3) there is reason to believe that the stay of an alien in Estonia may endanger the morality or the rights or interests of other persons;
 4) there is reason to believe that the stay of an alien in Estonia may constitute a risk to public health;
 5) an alien has been punished for an offence;
 6) an alien has violated the conditions regarding the entry into Estonia, temporary stay in Estonia, residence in Estonia, departure from Estonia, employment in Estonia of aliens or crossing the state border or the temporary control line of aliens;
 6¹) an alien has violated the obligation established in subsection 11 (1) or § 74¹ of the Act on Granting International Protection to Aliens;
[RT I, 06.04.2016, 1 – entry into force 01.05.2016]
 7) there is reason to believe that the actual purpose of the application for temporary residence permit of an alien does not correspond to the alleged purpose;
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]
 8) there is reason to believe that an alien shall not depart from Estonia upon the expiry of the basis of stay or;
 9) an alien has failed to pay for the costs of his or her stay in Estonia or the departure from Estonia.

 (2) A temporary residence permit shall not be issued if:
 1) an alien has submitted falsified documents or false information regarding the relevant matters in the proceeding, including information concerning his or her earlier activity upon application for a visa or a residence permit or work permit or upon application for extension of the residence permit or work permit or upon application for the citizenship of Estonia or for a personal identification document of the Estonian citizen;
 2) an alien has violated the obligation established in § 11 of this Act;
[RT I, 06.04.2016, 1 – entry into force 01.05.2016]
 3) the activity of an alien has been directed or is being directed or there is good reason to believe that such activity has been or is being directed against the Estonian state and the security thereof;
 4) an alien has incited or is inciting or there is good reason to believe that an alien has incited or is inciting or may incite national, racial, religious or political hatred or violence;
 5) an alien has served in a career position in the armed forces of a foreign state, has been assigned to the reserve forces thereof or has retired therefrom;
 6) an alien is in the active service or in the contractual service of the armed forces of a foreign state;
 7) an alien has committed a criminal offence for which he or she has been sentenced to imprisonment for a term for more than one year and his or her criminal record has not expired;
 8) an alien has been repeatedly punished in Estonian for intentionally committed crime against the state and his punishment has not expired;
 9) an alien has been repeatedly punished pursuant to criminal procedure for intentionally committed criminal offences;
 10) there is information about an alien or a good reason to believe that he or she belongs to a criminal organisation, or is connected with the illegal conveyance of narcotics, psychotropic substances or persons across the border or the temporary control line, or he or she is a member of a terrorist organisation, or he or she has committed or there is a good reason to believe that he or she may commit an act of terrorism, or he or she is involved in financing or supporting terrorism or money laundering;
 11) an alien is employed or there is a good reason to believe that he or she is employed by an intelligence or security service of a foreign state, or he or she has been or there is good reason to believe that he or she has been employed by an intelligence or security service of a foreign state, and his or her age, rank or other facts do not preclude his or her conscription into service in the security forces or armed forces or other armed units of a foreign state;
 12) an alien has received or there is good reason to believe that he or she has received special training or special preparation in landing operations, or in diversion or sabotage activities, or other special training, and the knowledge and skills acquired in the process of such training can be directly applied in the formation or training of illegal armed units;
 13) an alien has participated or there is good reason to believe that he or she has participated in punitive operations against civil population or;
 14) with regard to an alien there is good reason to believe that he or she has committed crimes against humanity or a war crimes.

 (3) The facts listed in clauses (2) 1)-4), 6) and 9)-14) of this section shall be considered as a threat to the national security. This shall not preclude considering other facts as a threat to the national security.

 (4) The provisions of subsections (1) and (2) of this section shall not preclude considering other facts as a threat to a public order.

 (5) Clauses (2) 5), 6) and 11) of this section do not apply to the citizens of the member states of the NATO.

§ 125.  Issue of temporary residence permit as exception

 (1) If no other basis exists with regard to an alien for refusal to issue the residence permit due to the threat to public order and the national security specified in § 124 of this Act, the temporary residence permit may be issued as an exception if:
 1) an alien has provided falsified documents or false information regarding the facts relevant in the proceedings, including information concerning his or her earlier activity upon application for a visa, a residence permit or work permit, or upon application for extension of the residence permit or work permit, or upon application for the citizenship of Estonia or a personal identification document of the Estonian citizen;
 2) an alien has committed a criminal offence for which he or she has been sentenced to imprisonment for a term for more than one year and his or her criminal record has not expired;
 3) an alien has been punished in Estonia for an intentionally committed crime against the state and his punishment has not expired;
 4) an alien has been repeatedly punished pursuant to criminal procedure for intentionally committed criminal offences;
 5) an alien has served in a career position in the armed forces of a foreign state or has been assigned to the reserve forces thereof or has retired therefrom;
 6) an alien is in the active service of the armed forces of a foreign state or;
 7) an alien has been or there is good reason to believe that he or she has been employed by an intelligence or security service of a foreign state, and his or her age, rank or other facts preclude his or her conscription into service in the security forces or armed forces of a foreign state or into other armed units.

 (1¹) If an alien has committed to leaving the Republic of Estonia, has received a dwelling in a foreign state through an international aid programme or has received support for leaving Estonia, the alien may be issued a temporary residence permit as an exception if he or she is applying for a residence permit to settle with a close relative on the basis provided for in clause 150 (1) 3) of this Act.
[RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 – entry into force 01.09.2013]

 (2) If an alien is issued a temporary residence permit as an exception, his or her spouse and a minor child may also be issued a temporary residence permit as an exception.

§ 126.  Refusal to issue temporary residence permit due to prohibition on entry

 (1) The issue of a temporary residence permit shall be refused if the prohibition on entry applies with regard to an alien.

 (2) The issue of a temporary residence permit shall be refused if the prohibition on entry into the Schengen area is applied with regard to an alien by a member state belonging to the common visa area of the European Union and the alert has been entered into the Schengen information system pursuant to Regulation (EC) No.1987/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the establishment, operation and use of the second generation Schengen Information System (SIS II) (OJ L 381, 28.12.2006, pp.4-23).
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 - entry into force 02.04.2015]

 (3) As an exception, an alien indicated in subsection (2) of this section, may be issued a temporary residence permit if the entry of an alien into Estonia or his or her residence in Estonia is necessary on humanitarian grounds or for the performance of international obligations.

§ 127.  Refusal to issue temporary residence permit to family member of alien

  If an alien is refused the issue of a temporary residence permit, generally his or her spouse and minor child shall also be refused the issue of a residence permit.

Subdivision 2 Extension and refusal to extend temporary residence permit 

§ 128.  Requirements for extension of temporary residence permit

  A temporary residence permit may be extended if the conditions of the extension of the residence permit are met and there is no basis for refusal to extend the residence permit.

§ 129.  Conditions of extension of temporary residence permit

 (1) The requirements for the extension of a temporary residence permit shall be met for the extension of the temporary residence permit on any basis.

 (2) The conditions of the issue of a temporary residence permit must be continuously met for the extension of a temporary residence permit unless otherwise provided in this Act.

 (3) A prerequisite for the extension of the temporary residence permit is the registration of the place of residence in Estonia in the Population Register.
The additional conditions of the extension of a temporary residence permit are provided for separately in this Act under the basis for the issue of a respective temporary residence permit.

 (4) The additional conditions of the extension of a temporary residence permit are provided for separately in this Act under the basis for the issue of a respective temporary residence permit.

 (5) If upon the extension of a temporary residence permit on a respective basis it is not required to meet some the general condition for the extension of a temporary residence permit, this is provided separately in this Act under the basis of the issue of a respective temporary residence permit.

§ 130.  Stay of alien in country during application proceeding

  If an alien has applied for the extension of a residence permit, for a new temporary residence permit or for a long-term resident’s residence permit during the period of validity of the residence permit or during the term provided for in subsections 43 (4) and (5) of this Act, his or her stay in Estonia is deemed legal during the review of his or her application.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

§ 131.  Bases for refusal of extension of temporary residence permit

 (1) The bases for refusal to issue a temporary residence permit are applied as the bases for refusal to extent a temporary residence permit unless otherwise provided in this Act.

 (2) The additional bases for refusal to extend a temporary residence permit are provided separately in this Act under the basis for the issue of a respective temporary residence permit.

 (3) If the extension of a temporary residence permit is not refused on some of the bases for the refusal to extend a temporary residence permit provided for in this subdivision, this is provided for separately in this Act under the basis for the issue of a respective temporary residence permit.

§ 132.  Term for extension of temporary residence permit

 (1) A temporary residence permit may be extended for up to ten years at a time.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 01.10.2017]

 (2) Upon determining the period of validity of the temporary residence permit to be extended, the proof of the facts forming the basis for the extension of a residence permit or proof of other facts relevant to the matter and the possibility of change during the period of validity of the residence permit shall be taken account of.

Subdivision 3 Validity of temporary residence permit 

§ 133.  Validity of temporary residence permit

  A temporary residence permit is valid until the period of validity of the residence permit expires or until revocation of the residence permit.

§ 134.  Expiry of period of validity of temporary residence permit

  The period of validity of temporary residence permit expires:
 1) on the date of expiry;
 2) upon the grant of the Estonian citizenship to an alien or upon his or her resumption of the Estonian citizenship;
 3) upon the death or declaration of death of an alien;
 4) upon receipt of a long-term resident’s residence permit or upon receipt of a new temporary residence permit or;
 5) upon the grant of the citizenship of a member state of the European Union, a member state of the European Economic Area or the Swiss Confederation to an alien or upon his or her resumption thereof.

§ 135.  General bases for revocation of temporary residence permit

 (1) A temporary residence permit may be cancelled if:
 1) an alien has failed to register his or her place of residence in the Population Register within the term provided by law;
 2) an alien does not have an actual place of residence in Estonia;
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]
 3) an alien does not have an insurance contract provided for in § 120 of this Act guaranteeing that any costs related to his or her medical treatment as a result of illness or injury during the period of validity of the residence permit will be met or
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]
 5) an alien does not use the residence permit purposefully.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (2) A temporary residence permit shall be cancelled if:
 1) a circumstance which is a prerequisite for the issue of a residence permit to an alien or extension thereof is not complied with;
 2) a basis for refusal to issue or extend the temporary residence permit exists in respect of an alien;
 3) the activity of an alien constitutes a threat to public order or national security;
 4) the conditions of the issue of a residence permit have not been met during the period of validity of the temporary residence permit;
 5) an alien submits a personal request therefor.
 6) [Repealed - RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (3) An administrative authority that is competent to cancel the temporary residence permit may during the proceedings to cancel the temporary residence permit appoint a term to an alien for the elimination of the deficiencies specified in subsection (1) of this section.

 (4) If an alien eliminates a deficiency indicated in subsection (1) of this section within the term appointed by an administrative authority, the temporary residence permit shall not be cancelled.

§ 136.  Application of bases for revocation of temporary residence permit

 (1) A temporary residence permit shall be cancelled pursuant to the bases for revocation of a temporary residence permit indicated in this subdivision.

 (2) Additional bases for revocation of a temporary residence permit are provided for separately in this Act under the basis for the issue of a respective temporary residence permit.

 (3) If some basis for the revocation of a temporary residence permit provided for in this subdivision is not applied upon revocation of a temporary residence permit issued on a respective basis, this is provided for separately in this Act under the basis for the issue of a respective temporary residence permit.

Subdivision 4 Bases for issue of temporary residence permit 

Sub-subdivision 1 Issue of temporary residence permit to settle with spouse 

§ 137.  Alien’s spouse

 (1) A temporary residence permit may be issued to an alien to settle with his or her spouse who resides in Estonia and who is an Estonian citizen or of Estonian nationality or with his or her spouse who is an alien residing in Estonia on the basis of a residence permit.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (2) The requirement for prior residence in Estonia shall not be applied to a spouse who is an Estonian citizen or of Estonian nationality for the purposes of settling with whom the residence permit is applied for if the family settles in Estonia together.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (3) [Repealed - RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (3¹) [Repealed - RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (4) [Repealed - RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (5) [Repealed - RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

§ 138.  Requirements for family life

 (1) A residence permit may be issued to settle with his or her spouse if the spouses share close economic ties and a psychological dependence, the family is stable and the marriage is not fictitious.

 (2) The marriage is fictitious if the marriage has been contracted with the purpose of getting a residence permit and there is no real family life between the persons.

§ 139.  Requirement for legal income of family

  If an alien applies to settle with his or her spouse who resides in Estonia, his or her spouse is required to have permanent legal income that shall ensure the subsistence of the family in Estonia, or the joint permanent legal income of the spouses shall ensure the subsistence of the family in Estonia.

§ 140.  Requirement for registered residence and actual dwelling

 (1) If an alien applies to settle with his or her spouse who resides in Estonia, the family must have a registered place of residence and an actual dwelling in Estonia.

 (2) The requirement for registered place of residence and actual dwelling shall not be applied as a requirement for the issue of a temporary residence permit to settle with the spouse if the spouse for the purposes of settling with whom the residence permit is applied for has received a residence permit for enterprise or for employment in one of the following cases:
 1) persons engaged in creative activities who work in a performing arts institution for the purposes of the Performing Arts Institutions Act;
 2) for employment as a teacher in Estonia in an educational institution which complies with the requirements established by the legislation;
 3) for research activities if an alien has appropriate professional training or experience therefor or employment as a lecturer in Estonia in an educational institution which complies with the requirements established by the legislation;
 4) for employment as a sportsman, coach, referee or sports official for professional activities on the basis of a summons from a respective sports federation;
 5) for employment as a member of the management body of a legal person registered in Estonia with the duty to perform directing or supervisory functions;
 6) for employment as an expert, adviser or consultant provided that an alien has appropriate professional training for such activities in the respective field;
 7) for employment as a fitter of equipment or a skilled worker provided that an alien has the required professional training in the respective field;
 8) for employment as a top specialist on the basis of clause 181 (2) 3) of this Act provided that an alien has appropriate professional training for such activities in this field;
 9) employment in a start-up company.

 (3) The requirement for registered place of residence and actual dwelling shall not be applied as a requirement for the issue of a temporary residence permit to settle with the spouse if the spouse for the purposes of settling with whom the residence permit is applied for has received a residence permit for studies based on the integrated curricula of Bachelor’s and Master’s studies or Master’s or Doctoral studies or if the spouse has been issued the residence permit for studies in professional higher education or Bachelor’s studies or in vocational training at the fourth or fifth qualification level within the framework of an international cooperation program or a treaty or an international cooperation agreement of an educational institution or if the alien has been designated a scholarship which is financed by the Estonian state or is internationally recognized.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 01.04.2017]

§ 140¹.  Specification of requirements for issue and extension of residence permit

  If an alien is applying for a residence permit for the purpose of settling with his or her spouse who holds a temporary residence permit issued to a large investor for engagement in business, the requirement for actual dwelling specified in subsection 117 (1) of this Act and for the place of residence registered in the population register specified in § 121 and subsection 129 (3) of this Act shall not be applied as a requirement for the issue and extension of a residence permit.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

§ 141.  Specifications of bases for refusal of issue of temporary residence permit

  If an alien applies for a temporary residence permit to settle with his or her spouse, the fact that the stay of an alien in Estonia may endanger morality or rights or interests of other people is not applied as the basis for refusal to issue a residence permit.

§ 142.  Unjustified application for issue of temporary residence permit to settle with spouse

 (1) An application for a residence permit to settle with a spouse who is an Estonian citizen may be considered unjustified if it is possible for the spouse who resides in Estonia to settle in the country of nationality or the country of location of his or her spouse or if it is possible for the spouses to settle in another country.

 (2) An application for a residence permit to settle with a spouse who resides in Estonia and who is an alien shall be considered unjustified if an alien who applies for a residence permit and the spouse for the purposes of settling with whom the residence permit is applied for do not prove that it is not possible for them to settle in the country of their common nationality, or in the country of nationality or the country of location of an alien who applies for a residence permit.

 (3) The provisions of subsections (1) and (2) of this section do not preclude considering the application for a residence permit to be unjustified under other facts.
§ 143 Period of validity of temporary residence permit to settle with spouse

 (1) [Repealed - RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 - entry into force 01.10.2017]

 (2) [Repealed - RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 - entry into force 01.10.2017]

 (2¹) [Repealed - RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 - entry into force 01.10.2017]

 (2²) [Repealed - RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 - entry into force 01.10.2017]

 (3) If a residence permit is issued to an alien to settle with the spouse residing in Estonia on the basis of a temporary residence permit, the period of validity of the residence permit to be issued to an alien shall not exceed the period of validity of a residence permit of the spouse for the purposes of settling with whom the residence permit was issued.

§ 143¹.  Establishment of period of validity of temporary residence permit issued to settle with spouse

 (1) Upon establishment of the period of validity of temporary residence permit issued to settle with the spouse, the duration of the marriage between an alien and the spouse for the purposes of settling with whom the residence permit is applied for is taken into account.

 (2) The provisions of subsection (1) of this section do not preclude taking account of other relevant facts upon establishment of the period of validity of the residence permit.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 01.10.2017]

§ 144.  Additional bases for refusal to extend temporary residence permit to settle with spouse

  The extension of a temporary residence permit to settle with a spouse shall be refused if:
 1) the basis or grounds for the issue of the residence permit has ceased to exist;
 2) the marriage has been terminated;
 3) [Repealed - RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]
 4) the legal income of a spouse or the joint income of the family does not ensure subsistence of the family in Estonia;
 5) the family does not have a registered place of residence in Estonia or;
 6) the family does not have an actual dwelling in Estonia.

§ 145.  Specifications for bases for refusal to extend temporary residence permit

 (1) If an alien applies for a temporary residence permit to settle with his or her spouse, the circumstance that the stay of an alien in Estonia may endanger morality or rights or interests of other people is not applied as a basis for refusal to extend a residence permit.

 (2) If an alien has been issued a temporary residence permit to settle with his or her spouse, who has a residence permit issued to a large investor for engagement in enterprise, the circumstance that the alien does not have a registered residence or actual dwelling in Estonia shall not be applied as a basis for the refusal to extend the residence permit.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

§ 146.  Additional bases for revocation of temporary residence permit issued to settle with spouse

 (1) A temporary residence permit to settle with a spouse shall be cancelled if:
 1) the basis or grounds for the issue of the residence permit has ceased to exist;
 2) the marriage has been terminated;
 3) [Repealed - RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]
 4) the legal income of a spouse or the joint income of the family do not ensure subsistence of the family in Estonia;
 5) the family does not have a registered place of residence in Estonia or;
 6) the family does not have an actual dwelling in Estonia.

 (2) A temporary residence permit that was issued to settle with a spouse shall be cancelled concurrently with the revocation of the residence permit of the spouse for the purposes of settling with whom the residence permit was issued.

 (1) A temporary residence permit that was issued to settle with a spouse may be cancelled on the basis specified in subsection (1) of this section within three years as of the issue of the residence permit.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

§ 147.  Specification of bases for revocation of temporary residence permit

 (1) If an alien has a temporary residence permit to settle with his or her spouse, the circumstance that the stay of an alien in Estonia may endanger morality or the rights or interests of other people, shall not be applied as a basis for revocation of a residence permit.

 (2) If an alien has been issued a temporary residence permit to settle with his or her spouse, who has a residence permit issued to a large investor for engagement in enterprise, the circumstance that the alien does not have a registered residence or actual dwelling in Estonia shall not be applied as a basis for the revocation of the residence permit.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 - entry into force 18.01.2017]

§ 148.  Obligations of sponsor

  The spouse for the purposes of settling with whom the residence permit was issued to an alien has the obligations of a sponsor provided for in this Act.

§ 149.  Specifications of requirements of issue of residence permits to settle with spouse

 (1) If an alien has been issued a temporary residence permit to settle with his or her spouse and has lived for at least three years in Estonia on this basis thereof, he or she may be issued a temporary residence permit for settling permanently in Estonia without applying the provisions of § 210¹ and § 210² of this Act.

 (2) If an alien has been issued a temporary residence permit to settle with his or her spouse and their marriage ends before three years have passed as of the issue of a residence permit but the obligation to leave Estonia of an alien would be clearly too burdensome for him or her, he or she may be issued a temporary residence permit for settling permanently in Estonia without applying the provisions of § 210¹ and § 210² of this Act.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

§ 149¹.  Specifications of legal status of alien applying for residence permit to settle with spouse

  The stay in Estonia of a spouse of an alien who is a holder of the EU Blue Card of another member state of the European Union and is applying for the EU Blue Card in Estonia is legal until the decision with regard to the application is made if he or she holds a residence permit issued by another member state of the European Union to a family member of an alien holding the European Union Blue Card and he or she is applying for a residence permit in Estonia to settle with spouse for the purpose of settling with an alien who is applying for the EU Blue Card.
[ RT I, 09.03.2011, 3 - entry into force 19.06.2011]

Sub-subdivision 2 Temporary residence permit to settle with close relative 

§ 150.  Close relative

 (1) A temporary residence permit may be issued to an alien to settle with a close relative who is an Estonian citizen or who is an alien who resides in Estonia and holds a residence permit in one of the following cases:
 1) to a minor child in order to settle with a parent who resides in Estonia;
 2) to an adult child in order to settle with a parent who resides in Estonia if the child is unable to cope independently due to health reasons or a disability;
 3) to a parent or grandparent in order to settle with his or her adult child or grandchild who resides in Estonia if the parent or grandparent needs care which he or she cannot receive in the country of his or her location or in another country and if the permanent legal income of his or her child or grandchild who legally stays in Estonia ensures the subsistence of him or her in Estonia and;
 4) to a ward in order to settle with the guardian who resides in Estonia if the permanent legal income of the guardian ensures the subsistence of the ward in Estonia.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (2) In the case specified in clause (1) 3) of this section, a close relative for the purposes of settling with whom the residence permit is applied for is required to have a long-stay resident’s residence permit.

 (3) The requirement for prior residence in Estonia shall not be applied if:
 1) the close relative has a temporary residence permit and an alien and the close relative, for the purposes of settling with whom the residence permit is applied for, enter into Estonia together;
 2) the close relative has the EU Blue Card;
 3) the close relative has been issued a temporary residence permit on the basis of § 210³ of this Act;
 4) the close relative has a temporary residence permit for an intra-corporate transfer.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

§ 150¹.  Temporary residence permit issued to minor child who was born in Estonia

 (1) A minor child, who was born in Estonia or who is settling in Estonia immediately after birth together with his or her parent or parents, shall be issued a temporary residence permit to settle with a parent who is residing in Estonia if the parent is holding the Estonian temporary residence permit during the birth of the child.

 (2) On order to waive the residence permit issued on the basis of subsection (1) of this section in the case of joint custody the parents shall have the right to jointly submit the application before the child reaches one year of age.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 01.10.2017]

§ 151.  Requirement of registered place of residence and actual dwelling of close relative

 (1) A close relative for the purposes of settling with whom a residence permit is applied for is required to have a registered place of residence and an actual dwelling in Estonia.

 (2) Upon application of a residence permit to settle with close relative the requirement for a registered place of residence and an actual dwelling specified in subsection (1) of this section shall not be applied as a condition of the issue of a residence permit provided that an alien and the close relative for the purposes of settling with whom the residence permit is applied for enter into Estonia together.

§ 151¹.  Specification from requirements for issue and extension of residence permit

  If an alien is applying for residence permit for the purpose of settling with the close relative who holds a temporary residence permit issued to a large investor for enterprise, the requirement for actual dwelling specified in subsection 117 (1) of this Act and for the place of residence registered in the population register specified in § 121 and subsection 129 (3) of this Act shall not be applied as a requirement for the issue and extension of a residence permit.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

§ 152.  Requirement for covering maintenance and treatment costs

  If the residence permit has been issued to an adult child in order to settle with a parent who resides in Estonia, to a parent or grandparent in order to settle with his or her adult child or grandchild who resides in Estonia, to a ward in order to settle with the guardian who resides in Estonia, the close relative for the purposes of settling with whom the residence permit is issued is required to cover the maintenance and treatment costs of an alien.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

§ 153.  Specifications of bases for refusal to issue temporary residence permit

  If an alien applies for a temporary residence permit to settle with his or her close relative, the circumstance that the stay of an alien in Estonia may endanger morality or the rights or interests of other people shall not be applied as a basis for the refusal to issue a residence permit.

§ 154.  Consideration of rights and interests of child

 (1) Upon the issue of a temporary residence permit to a minor child to settle with his or her parent the rights and interests of the child shall be taken into consideration in particular.

 (2) A temporary residence permit shall not be issued if the settling of the child in Estonia damages his or her rights and interests and if the legal, financial or social status of him or her may deteriorate as a result of settling in Estonia.

 (3) Under joint custody the consent of the other parent is required for issue of a residence permit.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 01.10.2017]

 (3¹) Under joint custody the consent of the other parent is not required for issue, to a minor child who was born in Estonia, of a temporary residence permit provided for in subsection § 150¹ (1) of this section.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 01.10.2017]

 (4) The residence permit of a minor child shall not be cancelled and extension thereof shall not be refused if this does not correspond to the rights and interests of the child.

 (5) If a minor child has been issued a residence permit to settle with a close relative and reaches the age of majority during the period of validity of the residence permit, his or her residence permit shall be valid until its expiry.

 (6) Upon reaching the age of majority an alien who has been issued a temporary residence permit to settle with a close relative as a minor may be issued a residence permit under the conditions and with the period of validity which are not related to the close relative for the purposes of settling with whom the residence permit is issued. In that case the conditions and requirements for the issue of a residence permit that are to be met for the issue of a temporary residence permit on any basis shall be applied upon the issue of a temporary residence permit to an alien.

§ 155.  Period of validity of temporary residence permit issued to settle with close relative

  If a temporary residence permit is issued to settle with a close relative who holds a temporary residence permit, the period of validity of the residence permit issued to an alien shall not exceed the period of validity of the residence permit of the close relative for the purposes of settling with whom the residence permit was issued.

§ 155¹.  Specifications of extension of temporary residence permit issued to settle with close relative

 (1) If a minor child has been issued a temporary residence permit to settle with a parent residing in Estonia on the basis of clause 150 (1) 1) or subsection 150¹ (1) of this Act and the temporary residence permit of the parent is extended or he or she is issued a new temporary residence permit, the period of validity of the residence permit of a minor child is extended until the expiry of the period of validity of the residence permit of the parent.

 (2) Under joint custody the consent of the other parent is not required for the extension of the period of validity of the temporary residence permit in the case specified in subsection (1) of this section.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 01.10.2017]

§ 156.  Additional bases for refusal to extend temporary residence permit issued to settle with close relative

  The extension of a temporary residence permit to settle with a close relative residing in Estonia shall be refused if:
 1) [Repealed - RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]
 2) the close relative for the purposes of settling with whom the residence permit was issued cannot guarantee the subsistence of an alien in Estonia for no good reason or;
 3) the close relative for the purposes of settling with whom the residence permit was issued fails to have a registered place of residence or an actual dwelling.

§ 157.  Specifications of bases for refusal to extend temporary residence permit

 (1) If an alien holds a temporary residence permit to settle with his or her close relative, the circumstance that the stay of an alien in Estonia may endanger morality or the rights or interests of other people shall not be applied as a basis for refusal to issue a residence permit.

 (2) If an alien was issued a temporary residence permit as a minor child to settle with a parent, the extension of his or her residence permit shall not be refused due to his or her reaching the age of majority if he or she is a dependant of his or her parent.

 (3) If an alien has been issued a residence permit to settle with a close relative who holds a temporary residence permit issued to a large investor for enterprise, the circumstance that the alien does not have a registered place of residence or dwelling in Estonia shall not be applied as a basis for refusal to extend the residence permit.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

§ 158.  Additional bases for revocation of the temporary residence permit issued to settle with close relative

 (1) The temporary residence permit which was issued to settle with a close relative who resides in Estonia shall be cancelled if:
 1) [Repealed - RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]
 2) the close relative for the purposes of settling with whom the residence permit was issued fails to ensure, for no good reason, the subsistence of an alien in Estonia;
 3) the close relative for the purposes of settling with whom the residence permit was issued fails to have a registered place of residence or the actual dwelling.

 (2) A temporary residence permit that was issued to settle with a close relative shall be cancelled concurrently with the revocation of the residence permit of the close relative for the purposes of settling with whom the residence permit was issued.

§ 159.  Specifications of bases for revocation of temporary residence permit

 (1) If an alien holds a temporary residence permit to settle with his or her close relative, the circumstance that the stay of an alien in Estonia may endanger morality or the rights or interests of other people shall not be applied as the basis for revocation of the residence permit.

 (2) If an alien was issued a temporary residence permit as a minor child to settle with a parent, his or her residence permit shall not be cancelled after he or she has reached the age of majority.

 (3) If an alien has been issued a residence permit to settle with a close relative who holds a temporary residence permit issued to a large investor for engagement in business, the circumstance that the alien does not have a registered place of residence or dwelling in Estonia shall not be applied as a basis for revocation of the residence permit.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 - entry into force 18.01.2017]

§ 160.  Obligations of sponsor

  The close relative for the purposes of settling with whom the residence permit was issued to an alien has the obligations of a sponsor provided for in this Act.

§ 161.  Specifications of requirements for residence permit issued to settle with close relative

  If an alien who has been issued a temporary residence permit to settle with his or her close relative and the basis or grounds for the issue of the residence permit have ceased to exist but the obligation of an alien to leave Estonia would be clearly too burdensome for him or her, the alien may be issued a temporary residence permit for settling permanently in Estonia without applying the provisions of § 2101 and § 210² of this Act.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

§ 161¹.  Specifications of legal status of alien applying for residence permit to settle with close relative

  The stay in Estonia of a close relative of an alien who is a holder of the EU Blue Card of another member state of the European Union and is applying for the EU Blue Card in Estonia is legal until making the decision with regard to the application if he or she holds a residence permit issued to a family member of an alien holding the European Union Blue Card by another member state of the European Union and he or she is applying for a residence permit in Estonia to settle with close relative for the purpose of settling with an alien who is applying for the EU Blue Card.
[ RT I, 09.03.2011, 3 - entry into force 19.06.2011]

Sub-subdivision 3 Temporary residence permit for study 

§ 162.  Requirements for educational institution and voluntary service

  A temporary residence permit for study may be issued to an alien:
 1) for study in a basic school, gymnasium or vocational educational institution or, on the basis of the state-recognised higher education curriculum, in a vocational educational institution, an institution of applied higher education or a university;
{RT I 2010, 41, 240 – entered into force 01.09.2010]
 2) for participation in a traineeship at a state-recognised basic school or gymnasium for pedagogical or other study purposes
{RT I 2010, 41, 240 – entered into force 01.09.2010]
 3) for participation in foundation courses offered by institutions of vocational education and applied higher education or a university recognised by the state.
 4) for participation in traineeship intermediated by a state-recognised institution of vocational education institution or applied higher education institution or university or an international student organisation or;
 5) for voluntary service within the framework of a youth project or program recognised by the Ministry of Education and Research.
 6) for study in an educational institution founded on the basis of a treaty.
[RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 - entry into force 01.09.2013]

 (2) A temporary residence permit for study shall be issued for covering the full-time curriculum of an educational institution specified in subsection (1) of this section for the purposes § 23 of the Universities Act.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 01.04.2017]

§ 163.  Requirement of proof of commencement of studies

  Upon application for a residence permit for study, the relevant educational institution or international student organisation shall provide the Police and Border Guard Board with documentary evidence in proof that an alien commences his or her studies, indicating the title and the estimated duration of the study programme, course or traineeship.

§ 164.  Requirements for traineeship

  A temporary residence permit for study may be issued for participation in traineeship that is intermediated by a state-recognised vocational education institution, institution of applied higher education, university or an international student organisation under the following conditions:
 1) the ship is related to the education to be acquired;
 2) the traineeship is not compensated for and;
 3) a contract of traineeship has been concluded between an alien and the institution conducting the traineeship.

§ 165.  Additional requirements for voluntary service

  A temporary residence permit for study may be granted for voluntary service within the framework of a youth project or program recognised by the Ministry of Education and Research under the following conditions:
 1) the activity of an alien in the framework of a youth project or program shall not be employment for the purposes of this Act, including that an alien shall not get remuneration for the activity;
 2) an institution or organisation within the framework of whose youth project or program an alien is applying for residence permit for voluntary service activities shall bear the subsistence costs of an alien during his or her residence in Estonia;
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 01.04.2017]
 3) an institution or organisation within the framework of whose youth project or program an alien is applying for residence permit for voluntary service activities has entered into an insurance contract which would cover all medical costs caused by illness or injuries of an alien and;
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 01.04.2017]
 4) a contract of voluntary service has been concluded between an alien and the institution or organisation within the framework of whose youth project or program an alien is applying for residence permit for voluntary service activities.
[RT I, 03.01.20 17, 1 – entry into force 01.04.2017]

§ 166.  Requirements for voluntary service contract

  The contract of voluntary service entered into between an alien and the institution or organisation within the framework of whose youth project or program an alien is applying for residence permit for voluntary service activities shall reflect the following information:
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 01.04.2017]
 1) the duties of an alien;
 2) the tutoring conditions related to performance of the duties;
 3) working time of an alien;
 4) means for covering travelling, subsistence and accommodation costs and for allowances during the whole stay in Estonia and
 5) the training provided to an alien for better performance of voluntary service if necessary.

§ 167.  Requirement for use of dwelling

  [Repealed – RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 – entry into force 01.09.2013]

§ 168.  Requirement for language proficiency in language of instruction

 (1) A temporary residence permit for study may be issued if the purpose of the stay of an alien in the state is study according to the curriculum of a higher education and his or her proficiency in the language of instruction is sufficient.

 (2) The proficiency in the language of instruction of an alien is considered to be sufficient if it corresponds to the minimum requirements set by the educational institution for language of instruction or if an alien commences in-depth studies in the national language.

 (3) The procedure for submitting evidence of conformity to the requirements set to the proficiency in the language of instruction shall be established by a regulation of the minister responsible for the area Education and Research.

§ 168¹.  Specifications of requirement for legal income

  The requirement of sufficient legal income for the issue of a residence permit for study, for holding and extension thereof may also be complied with the income not specified in § 9 of this Act.
[RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 – entry into force 01.09.2013]

§ 169.  Requirement for submission of evidence of holding long-term resident’s residence permit of member state of European Union

  An alien who is holding a long-term resident’s residence permit of a member state of the European Union and who is applying for a temporary residence permit for study shall submit additional documentary evidence of holding the long-term resident’s residence permit of the European Union.

§ 170.  Period of validity of temporary residence permit for study

 (1) A temporary residence permit for study may be issued to an alien with a period of validity until the end of the nominal study period but for no longer than the estimated duration of studies.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 01.04.2017]

 (2) A temporary residence permit for study may be extended until the end of the nominal study period or, if the nominal study period has terminated, until the end of the estimated duration of studies.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 01.04.2017]

 (3) [Repealed – RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

§ 171.  Right of representation of alien

  The educational institution for commencement of study wherein an alien was granted a residence permit for study has the right of representation of a minor alien in the proceedings related to his or her stay in Estonia and the departure from Estonia if the legal representative of an alien does not stay in Estonia.

§ 172.  Health insurance

  Clauses 5 (4) 2) and 5) of the Health Insurance Act shall not be applied with regard to an alien who has been issued a temporary residence permit for study.

§ 172¹.  Additional basis for refusal to issue temporary residence permit for study

  The issue of a temporary residence permit for study may be refused if there is a reason to doubt the trustworthiness of the educational institutions for the purpose of study in which the temporary residence permit is applied for, of the international student organisation that intermediates the traineeship of an alien in Estonia or of an agency or association for voluntary service within the framework of a youth project or program the temporary residence the permit is applied for.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

§ 173.  Additional basis for annulment of temporary residence permit for study

 (1) A temporary residence permit for study shall be annulled if an alien has failed to complete the curriculum to the extent required for holding a residence permit for study, has terminated his or her studies or has failed to perform to a significant extent an obligation arising from this Act or any other legislation.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 01.04.2017]

 (2) A failure to complete the curriculum provided for in subsection (1) of this section shall not be applied as a basis for revocation of the residence permit with regard to an alien who has been issued a temporary residence permit for Doctoral studies and whose part-time participation in the studies is justified.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 01.04.2017]

§ 174.  Obligations of sponsor

  The educational institution where an alien who was granted a temporary residence permit for study, the institution conducting the traineeship, the international student organisation that intermediated the traineeship of an alien in Estonia and an institution or organisation within the framework of whose youth project or programme an alien was issued a temporary residence permit for voluntary service activities shall have the obligations of a sponsor provided for in this Act.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 01.04.2017]

§ 175.  Conditions of employment in Estonia on basis of temporary residence permit for study

  An alien who has been issued a residence permit for study may take employment in Estonia without a specific permit on condition that such employment does not interfere with the studies.
[RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 – entry into force 01.09.2013]

Sub-subdivision 4 Issue of temporary residence permit for employment 

§ 176.  Purpose of issue of temporary residence permit for employment

 (1) The purpose of the granting of a temporary residence permit is to further the development of the Estonian economy, research, education or culture by creating a possibility to employ aliens with the necessary knowledge and skills in Estonia.
[RT I, 29.06.2012, 5 – entry into force 01.07.2012]

 (2) In order to take employment on the basis of a temporary residence permit an alien shall be granted the right to stay in Estonia and be employed by an employer registered in Estonia under the conditions determined by the residence permit.
[RT I, 29.06.2012, 5 – entry into force 01.07.2012]

§ 176¹.  Temporary agency work

 (1) A temporary residence permit for employment may be issued to an alien also for employment as a temporary agency worker in the user undertaking for the purposes of subsection 6 (5) of the Employment Contracts Act.

 (2) A temporary residence permit for employment may be issued for employment as a temporary agency worker if the employer who is registered in Estonia is acting as an intermediary of temporary agency work and the employer has funds in deposit to the extent of at least ten per cent of the remuneration fund.

 (3) A deposit account shall be opened in a credit institution registered in Estonia for the purposes of the Credit Institutions Act and the funds in the deposit are required at the rate established in subsection (2) of this section during the whole period of validity of the temporary residence permit.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

§ 177.  Requirement for permission of Estonian Unemployment Insurance Fund

 (1) A temporary residence permit for employment may be issued to an alien for employment with an employer registered in Estonia in a place of employment, filling of which with an alien has been permitted by the Estonian Unemployment Insurance Fund because it is impossible to fill the vacant position by employing an Estonian citizen or a citizen of the European Union or an alien residing in Estonia on the basis of a residence permit, who would comply with the requirements for qualification and professional skills for such position and filling the place of employment with an alien is justified taking account of the labour market and based on the data of the Estonian Unemployment Insurance Fund.
[RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 - entry into force 01.09.2013]

 (1¹) The permit specified in subsection (1) of this section is not related to the person of an alien and it is issued for filling one or several positions with an alien at an employer registered in Estonia.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

 (1²) If an alien is applying for temporary residence permit for employment as a temporary agency worker, the conditions provided for in subsection (1) of this section shall be applied to filling a place of employment in the user undertaking registered in Estonia.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

 (2) [Repealed - RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 - entry into force 01.09.2013]

 (3) The requirement for the permission of the Estonian Unemployment Insurance Fund is not applied upon extension of the temporary residence permit for employment.
[RT I, 09.03.2011, 3 - entry into force 19.06.2011]

 (4) The requirement for the permission of the Estonian Unemployment Insurance Fund is not applied in the case specified in subsection 185 (4) of this Act.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 - entry into force 18.01.2017]

§ 178.  Requirements for remuneration to be paid

 (1) An employer shall pay to an alien a salary that is at least equal to the annual average wages in Estonia last published by Statistics Estonia.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

 (1¹) An employer is required to pay remuneration to an alien who has been issued a residence permit for employment on the basis of clause 181 (2) 3) of this Act in the amount at least equal to the annual average gross monthly salary and wages in Estonia, last published by Statistics Estonia, multiplied with the coefficient 2.
[RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 - entry into force 01.09.2013]

 (1²) With regard to an alien who has acquired vocational education at the fourth or fifth level of vocational training or who has acquired a higher education in Estonia in the professional higher education or Bachelor’s studies, in the studies based on the integrated curricula of Bachelor’s and Master’s studies, in Master’s or Doctoral studies, the rate of remuneration specified in subsections (1) and (1¹) of this section shall not apply.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 01.04.2017]

 (1³) The employer is required to pay to an alien, who has been issued a residence permit for employment on the basis of clause 181 (2) 4) of this Act, remuneration in the amount of at least equal to the annual average gross monthly salaries and wages in Estonia last published by Statistics Estonia by an order of the Government of the Republic issued on the basis of subsection 181 (8) of this Act in the specified area.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

 (2) The amount of remuneration to be paid to an alien shall be in compliance with the data last published by Statistics Estonia, valid at the moment of commencement of proceedings of an application for a temporary residence permit; this shall be adjusted upon the extension of the temporary residence or application for a new temporary residence permit.

 (3) The Tax and Customs Board shall provide at the request of the Police and Border Guard Board the data concerning the remuneration paid to an alien.

 (4) In case of the issue of a temporary residence permit for employment, the salary or wages earned by an alien must be sufficient for his or her subsistence in Estonia.

§ 179.  Requirements to alien

 (1) For the issue of a temporary residence permit for employment an alien is required to have the requisite qualifications, training, state of health, work experience and the necessary professional skills and knowledge to assume such position.

 (2) If an alien complies with the conditions specified in subsection (1) of this section and the employer submits a confirmation about employment of an alien, the Police and Border Guard Board may issue a temporary residence permit to an alien or employment for commencement of work in the position for filling of which the Estonian Unemployment Fund has granted approval to the employer.

§ 180.  Trustworthiness of employer

 (1) The issue of a temporary residence permit for employment shall be refused if the employer or user undertaking or host entity has been punished for a criminal offence provided for in §§ 133- 133³ , § 175 or § 260¹ of the Penal Code and whose data concerning punishment have not expunged from the criminal records database pursuant to the Criminal Records Database Act..
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

 (2) The issue of a temporary residence permit for employment may be refused if:
 1) the salary or wages of an alien does not guarantee his or her subsistence in Estonia;
 2) the employer or user undertaking or host entity has tax arrears;
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 17.01.2017]
 3) the employer or user undertaking or host entity has a criminal record for the misdemeanour provided for in §§ 300–302 of this Act;
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 17.01.2017]
 4) the employer or user undertaking or host entity has failed to perform the notification obligation provided for by law;
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 17.01.2017]
 5) there is a ground to doubt the trustworthiness of the employer or user undertaking or host entity for any other reason.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

§ 181.  Specifications of conditions of issue of temporary residence permit for employment

 (1) A temporary residence permit for employment may be issued without meeting the requirement for permission of the Estonian Unemployment Insurance Fund and without meeting the requirement for the amount of remuneration to be paid to an alien in one of the following cases:
 1) to an alien who is a minister of religion, nun or monk, who is invited to Estonia by a religious association and this invitation has been approved by of the Ministry of the Interior;
 2) to an alien who is a journalist accredited by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs;
 3) to an alien whose right to take employment in Estonia without a specific permit arises from a treaty;
[RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 - entry into force 01.09.2013]
 4) an alien who works in a performing arts institution as a person engaged in creative activities for the purposes of the Performing Arts Institutions Act;
 5) for employment as a teacher in Estonia in an educational institution which complies with requirements established by the legislation;
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]
 6) research activities if an alien has appropriate professional training or experience and the research and development institution has signed a hosting agreement with the alien, or employment as a lecturer in Estonia in an educational institution which complies with requirements established by the legislation;
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]
 7) for employment as a sportsman, coach, referee or sports official for professional activities on the basis of a summons from a respective sports federation;
 8) for employment for the purposes of performing directing or supervisory functions of a legal person governed by public law registered in Estonia;
[RT I, 29.06.2012, 5 – entry into force 01.07.2012]
 9) an alien is a posted worker for the purposes of the Working Conditions of Workers Posted in Estonia Act;
 10) an alien has been issued a long-term resident’s residence permit of a member state of the European Union;
 11) an alien has acquired vocational education in Estonia at the fourth or fifth level of vocational training or a higher education in professional higher education or Bachelor’s studies, in the studies based on integrated curricula of Bachelor’s and Master’s studies, in Master’s or Doctoral studies;
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 01.04.2017]
 12) employment in a start-up company.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (2) A temporary residence permit for employment may be issued without meeting the requirement of the permission of the Estonian Unemployment Insurance Fund:
 1) for employment as an expert, adviser or consultant provided that an alien has appropriate professional preparation for such activities;
 2) for the purposes of performing directing or supervisory functions of a legal person governed by private law and a branch of a foreign company (hereinafter in this subsection a legal person governed by private law) registered in Estonia;
[RT I, 29.06.2012, 5 – entry into force 01.07.2012]
 3) for employment as a top specialist provided that an alien has appropriate professional preparation for such activities.
[RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 - entry into force 01.09.2013]
 4) for employment in an area specified in the order of the Government of the Republic issued on the basis of subsection (8) of this section.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

 (3) For the purposes of performing directing or supervisory functions of a legal person governed by private law registered in Estonia, specified in clause (2) 2) of this section, a temporary residence permit for employment may be given to a partner of a general partnership or a general partner of a limited partnership, a member of the management board or supervisory board of a private limited company, public limited company, foundation and commercial association, a member of the management board of a non-profit association, a procurator, liquidator, trustee in bankruptcy, auditor, financial inspector, member of the audit committee and manager of a branch of a foreign company.
[RT I, 29.06.2012, 5 – entry into force 01.07.2012]

 (4) For the purposes of clause (2) 3) of this section a top specialist is an alien who has acquired appropriate professional training in any field to whom an employer registered in Estonia undertakes to pay remuneration for professional work in the amount at least equal to the annual average gross monthly salary in Estonia, last published by Statistics Estonia, multiplied by a coefficient of 2.
[RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 - entry into force 01.09.2013]

 (5) On the basis specified in clause (2) 3) of this section a residence permit for employment may be issued if the company where an alien commences employment has been registered in Estonia for at least 12 months and at least one of the following conditions is complied with:
 1) the company has at least 65,000 euros of the paid-in equity capital for which immovable property, machinery and equipment has been acquired in Estonia and has been accounted for as fixed assets, or for which investment has been made in another company registered in Estonia which has actual business activity in Estonia or in an investment fund created or established on the basis of the Investment Funds Act;
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]
 2) the sales revenue of the company is at least 200,000 euros per year;
 3) the social tax paid in Estonia monthly for persons employed in the company is, in the case of remuneration in the amount of five times the annual average gross monthly salary in Estonia, at least equal to the social tax paid in Estonia monthly.
[RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 - entry into force 01.09.2013]

 (5¹) The requirement established in subsection (5) of this section regarding that a company is required to have been registered in Estonia for at least 12 months shall not be applied if the parent company has been operating for at least 12 months and the annual turnover of the parent company amounts to at least ten million euros.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

 (5²) The company specified in subsection (5¹) of this section is required to, after one year as of the day of issue of the residence permit, perform at least one of the conditions provided for in clauses (5) 1)-3) of this section.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

 (6) [Repealed - RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (7) A residence permit for employment may be issued on the basis of clause (2) 3) of this section if the company where the alien commences employment has been registered in Estonia for less than 12 months and commences operation with the support of the state or with the support of private investments, having received investment or loan from the state or a private management company licenced by the Financial Supervision Authority or a support from a public support measure.
[RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 - entry into force 01.09.2013]

 (8) A temporary residence permit for employment may be issued without meeting the requirement for permission of the Estonian Unemployment Insurance Fund for employment in the field in which it is necessary to reduce the shortage of labour in Estonia and employ in Estonia aliens with the necessary knowledge and skills in order to facilitate the development of the Estonian economy, science, education or culture. The Government of the Republic may establish by an order a list of the fields with the shortage of labour for up to two years.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016

§ 181¹.  Additional conditions for temporary residence permit for employment for purposes of performing directing or supervisory functions of legal person governed by private law

 (1) A temporary residence permit for employment for the purposes of performing directing or supervisory functions of a legal person governed by private law may be granted if the following conditions are met:
 1) the legal person governed by private law has been entered into the register in Estonia for at least five months before the submission of an application for the residence permit;
 2) the legal person governed by private law has been engaged in activities in Estonia for at least five months before the decision is made with regard to the application;
 3) for the purposes of performing directing or supervisory functions of the legal person governed by private law the activities of the legal person governed by the private law and the settling of an alien in Estonia shall significantly contribute to achieving the purpose of the grant of a temporary residence permit for employment.
[RT I, 29.06.2012, 5 – entry into force 01.07.2012]

 (2) A company or a branch of a foreign company for the purposes of performing directing or supervisory functions of which the temporary residence permit for employment is applied for is required to have been engaged in actual economic activities in Estonia for at least five months before the submission of the application for residence permit.
[RT I, 29.06.2012, 5 – entry into force 01.07.2012]

§ 181².  Specifications of employment in Estonia of alien who has been granted temporary residence permit for employment

 (1) An alien who has been granted a temporary residence permit for employment may be employed by several employers concurrently following the conditions determined in the residence permit for employment.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

 (2) [Repealed - RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

 (3) [Repealed - RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

 (4) [Repealed - RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

 (5) [Repealed - RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

§ 181³.  Specifications of employment in Estonia of alien who has been granted temporary residence permit for employment as temporary agency worker

  An alien who has been granted a temporary residence permit for employment as a temporary agency worker may commence work for another user undertaking instead of the user undertaking determined in the residence permit or concurrently for the user undertaking determined in the residence permit and also for another user undertaking following the conditions determined in the residence permit for employment.
[Repealed - RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

§ 182.  Temporary residence permit for employment as researcher

 (1) A temporary residence permit for employment for the purposes of research shall be issued if an alien has appropriate professional preparation or experience for such activities and if:
 1) the research and development activities of the research and development institution which is recognised by the Ministry of Education and Research have been positively evaluated in at least one field or
 2) the educational institution has a valid institutional accreditation or
 3) the principal activity of the institution entered in the state register of state and local government authorities is research and development and
 4) an alien has signed a hosting agreement with the research and development institution for carrying out research and development work.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

 (2) There is no need to conclude a hosting agreement if upon entering into the employment contract between the alien and the research and development institution the conditions provided for in subsection 183 (1) of this Act are followed and the employment contract includes the data provided for in subsection 184 (1) of this Act.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

§ 183.  Conditions of concluding hosting agreement

 (1) The research and development institution may conclude a hosting agreement if:
 1) an alien has a permanent legal income for subsistence in Estonia;
 2) an alien has a valid insurance policy which guarantees that any costs related to his or her medical treatment as a result of illness or injury will be met to the same extent as for a person covered by health insurance during the period of validity of the residence permit applied for, if exemption from the holding thereof does not arise from law or a treaty and;
 3) there are finances for research work for the purpose of which the residence permit of an alien is applied for.

 (2) Upon conclusion of the hosting agreement the research and development institution shall undertake the obligations of an employer provided for in this sub-subdivision.

§ 184.  Information included in hosting agreement

 (1) The hosting agreement shall include the following information:
 1) the name and qualification of an alien;
 2) the name and registry code of the hosting institution, the name and position of the contact person;
 3) the duration of the research or development work for the purposes of which the residence permit of an alien is applied for and;
 4) the funding source.

 (2) [Repealed - RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

§ 185.  Conditions determined in temporary residence permit for employment

 (1) The conditions of employment of an alien in Estonia are determined in the temporary residence permit for employment, including at least an employer, the location of employment and the position.

 (2) If an alien is a posted worker in Estonia for the purposes of the Working Conditions of Workers Posted in Estonia Act, a natural or legal person for whom the service is provided in Estonia shall be determined in the temporary residence permit for employment in addition to the conditions provided for in subsection (1) of this section.

 (2¹) If an alien is applying for temporary residence permit for employment as a temporary agency worker, in addition to the conditions provided for in subsection (1) of this section also the user undertaking is determined in the temporary residence permit issued for employment.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

 (2²) If an alien is applying for a temporary residence permit for an intra-corporate transfer, the host entity registered in Estonia shall be determined in the temporary residence permit in addition to the conditions provided for in subsection (1) of this section.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

 (3) An alien who has been issued a temporary residence permit for employment is allowed to work in Estonia only under the conditions determined in the residence permit unless otherwise provided for in this Act.
[RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 - entry into force 01.09.2013]

 (4) An alien who has been issued a temporary residence permit for employment is allowed to take employment in another post at the same employer provided that other conditions determined in the residence permit do not change and the same professional and qualification requirements are required in the other post.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 - entry into force 18.01.2017]

§ 186.  Period of validity of temporary residence permit issued for employment

 (1) [Repealed - RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 01.10.2017]

 (2) [Repealed - RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 01.10.2017]

 (3) By way of derogation from the time-limit provided in §§ 119 and 132 of this Act, a temporary residence permit for employment for the purposes of performing directing or supervisory functions of a legal person governed by private law can also be issued for a shorter period than for up to five years in the case provided in § 189¹ of this Act and can be extended for a length of the period which is shorter than ten years.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 01.10.2017]

§ 187.  Additional condition of extension of temporary residence permit for employment

  A temporary residence permit for employment may be extended if the current activities of an alien have been so far in compliance with the conditions of the issue of a residence permit.

§ 188.  Additional bases for refusal to extend temporary residence permit issued for employment

 (1) The extension of a temporary residence permit for employment shall be refused if:
 1) an alien has not fulfilled an obligation related to the temporary stay, residence or employment in Estonia of an alien arising from this Act or other legislation or
 2) a condition of employment determined in the residence permit has changed.
[RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 - entry into force 01.09.2013]

 (2) If a post of an alien with the same employer is changed during the period of validity of the residence permit in the case provided for in clauses 181 (1) 5) and 6) of this Act, it is not deemed to be the change of the condition of employment determined in the residence permit specified in clause (1) 2) of this section.
[RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 - entry into force 01.09.2013]

 (3) It is not deemed to be the change of the condition of employment determined in the residence permit specified in clause (1) 2) of this section if, during the period of validity of the temporary residence permit issued for an intra-corporate transfer, a member state of the European Union is changed in the case specified in § 190¹⁴ of this Act when an intra-corporate transferee is transferred to a host entity of a member state of the European Union belonging to the same group.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 - entry into force 17.01.2017]

§ 189.  Additional bases for annulment of temporary residence permit for employment

 (1) A temporary residence permit for employment shall be revoked if:
 1) an alien has not fulfilled an obligation related to the temporary stay, residence or employment in Estonia of an alien arising from this Act or other legislation or
 2) a condition of employment determined in the residence permit has changed.
[RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 - entry into force 01.09.2013]

 (2) It is not deemed to be the change of the condition of employment determined in the residence permit specified in clause (1) 2) of this section if:
 1) the post of an alien with the same employer is changed during the period of validity of the residence permit in the case provided for in clauses 181 (1) 5) and 6) of this Act;
 2) an alien commences employment for another employer;
 3) an alien commences work for another user undertaking instead of the user undertaking determined in the residence permit or concurrently for the user undertaking determined in the residence permit and also another user undertaking.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]
 4) the post of an alien with the same employer is changed in the case specified in subsection 185 (4) of this Act.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 01.10.2017

 (3) It is not deemed to be the change of the condition of employment determined in the residence permit specified in clause (1) 2) of this section if, in the case specified in § 190¹⁴ of this Act, during the period of validity of the temporary residence permit issued for an intra-corporate transfer a member state of the European Union is changed when an intra-corporate transferee is transferred to a host entity of a member state of the European Union belonging to the same group.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 - entry into force 17.01.2017]

§ 189¹.  Additional bases for refusal to grant or extend and revocation of temporary residence permit for employment for purposes of performing directing or supervisory functions of legal person governed by private law

  The grant or extension of a temporary residence permit for employment which is granted for the purposes of performing the directing and supervisory functions of a legal person governed by private law may be refused or the residence permit revoked if:
 1) an alien does not provide evidence of the trustworthiness of the current and planned activities of the legal person governed by private law, the partners thereof or the sources of financing;
 2) the explanations of the alien about the current and planned activities of the legal person governed by private law are not convincing or are controversial;
 3) an alien does not provide evidence that his or her stay in Estonia on the basis of the residence permit would significantly contribute to the achievement of the purpose of the temporary residence permit granted for employment;
 4) an alien does not provide evidence of how the activities of a legal person governed by private law would contribute to the achievement of the purpose of the temporary residence permit granted for employment;
 5) the current activities of an alien or a legal person governed by private law are not in accordance with the purpose of the temporary residence permit granted for employment;
 6) an alien has failed to comply with the obligation related to the temporary stay, residence or employment of an alien in Estonia arising from this Act or any other law.
[RT I 29.06.2012, 5 – entry into force 01.07.2012]

§ 189².  Specifications of annulment of temporary residence permit granted for employment

  A temporary residence permit granted to an alien shall not be annulled within 90 days as of the day of becoming unemployed if the employer cancels the employment contract extraordinarily for economic reasons in the cases provided for in subsections 89 (1) and (2) of the Employment Contracts Act.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

§ 190.  Obligations of sponsor

 (1) The employer for the purposes of whose employment the temporary residence permit has been issued to an alien has the obligations of a sponsor provided for in this Act.

 (2) The obligations of a research and development institution as a sponsor for the purposes of employment for whom an alien is issued a residence permit for carrying out science or research work shall terminate after 180 days from the performance by the research and development institution of the notification obligation of the research and development institution provided for in this Act or from expiry of the hosting agreement.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

Sub-subdivision 4¹ European Union Blue Card 
[RT I, 09.03.2011, 3 - entry into force 19.06.2011]

§ 190¹.  European Union Blue Card

  The European Union Blue Card (hereinafter the EU Blue Card) is a residence permit for employment that is issued to an alien for residence and employment in Estonia in a job or position that requires higher qualification.

§ 190².  Employment that requires higher qualification

  For the purposes of this Act employment that requires higher qualification is employment the knowledge and skills for performance of which are attested by a higher professional qualification.

§ 190³.  Higher professional qualification

 (1) For the purposes of this Act a higher professional qualification which is required for applying for the EU Blue Card is with the nominal study period of at least three years to obtain and evidenced by a document certifying a higher education or at least five years of professional experience.

 (2) If an alien applies for a EU Blue Card for settling to work in a regulated position or profession, the professional qualification of an alien shall be assessed on the basis of the Recognition of Foreign Professional Qualifications Act.

 (3) If an alien applies for a EU Blue Card for settling to work in an unregulated position or profession, the compliance of the document attesting his or her higher education shall be assessed on the basis of subsection 28¹(2) of the Education Act pursuant to the conditions and procedure established by a regulation of the Government of the Republic for the assessment and academic recognition of documents attesting education completed in a foreign state and for the use of a title of qualification acquired in the educational system of a foreign state by an agency competent to assess foreign and cross-border qualifications that enable access to higher education and attestation thereof and the study periods.

 (4) The documents, appended to the application for the EU Blue Card by an alien, that provide proof of work experience which is required to provide proof of a higher professional qualification shall be assessed by the Police and Border Guard Board.

 (5) In the case specified in subsection (2) of this section an alien or his or her employer shall submit an application for the assessment of the documents attesting a higher professional qualification to the specified competent agency on the basis of the Recognition of Foreign Professional Qualifications Act regulating.

 (6) In the case specified in subsection (3) of this section an alien or his or her employer shall submit an application for the assessment of documents attesting a higher education of an alien on the basis of subsection 28¹(2) of the Education Act, pursuant to the conditions and procedure established by a regulation of the Government of the Republic for the assessment and academic recognition of documents attesting education completed in a foreign state and for the use of a title of qualification acquired in the educational system of a foreign state, by an agency competent to assess foreign and cross-border qualifications that enable access to and attestation of higher education and the study periods.

 (7) In the case specified in subsections (2) and (3) of this section the compliance of the qualification of an alien with the requirements is assessed prior to the submission of an application for the EU Blue Card by an alien.

§ 190⁴.  Provisions applied with regard to EU Blue Card

  Upon the issue, extension and revocation of the EU Blue Card a regulation regarding a residence permit for employment is applied, taking into account the specifications of this sub-subdivision.

§ 190⁵.  Specifications of requirements regarding aliens

  An EU Blue Card can be issued to an alien only for employment in such a position which requires a higher professional qualification.

§ 190⁶.  Specifications of requirements for issue of residence permit

  For the issue of a EU Blue Card an employer shall enter into an employment contract with the length of at least one year with an alien before the lodging of the application for residence permit, or make a job offer by which the employer expresses his or her will to be legally bound with the employment contract to be concluded and undertakes to employ an alien for at least one year period in a position requiring a higher qualification which is determined in the contract entered into or a job offer made.

§ 190⁷.  Specifications of requirements regarding payment of remuneration

 (1) An employer is required to pay remuneration to an alien during the period of validity of an EU Blue Card the amount of which is at least equal to 1.5 times the annual average gross monthly salary, as last published by Statistics Estonia.

 (2) An employer is required to pay remuneration to an alien during the period of validity of an EU Blue Card the amount of which is at least equal to 1.24 times the annual average gross monthly salary, as last published by Statistics Estonia, in the following cases:
 1) employment as a top specialist or a supervisor;
 2) employment as a top specialist in natural or technical science;
 3) employment as a top specialist in health service;
 4) employment as a specialist in pedagogics;
 5) employment as a specialist in business or administration;
 6) employment as a specialist in information or communication or
 7) employment as s specialist in legal, cultural or social sphere.

§ 190⁸.  Commencement of work for another employer

 (1) In case an alien is residing in Estonian on the basis of an EU Blue Card and wishes during the first two years of the period of validity of the EU Blue Card to terminate the employment with the employer for employment with whom the EU Blue Card was issued to an alien and to commence employment with another employer, then such other employer shall need a consent of the Estonian Unemployment Insurance Fund for employing an alien.

 (2) At the request of an employer the Estonian Unemployment Insurance Fund may grant a permission to the employer to fulfil the position with an alien if the employer with whom an alien wishes to commence employment has not found a suitable employee under the conditions and procedure provided for in § 177.

 (3) In the case an alien has been residing in Estonia on the basis of an EU Blue Card for at least two consecutive years and he or she holds a valid EU Blue Card, he or she can commence employment with another employer and terminate employment with the present employer. In such case the new employer who wishes to employ and alien need not get consent of the Estonian Unemployment Insurance Fund to fulfil the position with an alien.

§ 190⁹.  Temporary unemployment

 (1) During the period of validity of the EU Blue Card an alien can be unemployed once for up to three months.

 (2) The date following the day of terminating the work relations of an alien is deemed to be the date of starting the temporary unemployment.

§ 190¹⁰.  Specifications of bases of revocation of EU Blue Card

  An EU Blue Card issued to an alien shall not be revoked due to unemployment of an alien:
 1) during the review by the Estonian Unemployment Insurance Fund of the application to be submitted for commencement of employment with another employer;
 2) in the course of three months as of the date of becoming unemployed if he or she has become unemployed for the first time during the period of validity of an EU Blue Card.

§ 190¹¹.  Specifications of period of validity of temporary residence permit for employment

 (1) If an alien is issued an EU Blue Card, the period of validity thereof is determined for three months longer than the period of employment guaranteed by an employer taking into account that the period of validity of an EU Blue Card cannot exceed two years and three months.

 (2) An EU Blue Card may be extended for up to four years and three months at a time.

§ 190¹².  Specifications of bases for refusal to extend temporary residence permit for employment and revocation thereof

  The extension of an EU Blue Card is refused or an EU Blue Card is revoked if:
 1) during two first years of the period of validity of an EU Blue Card an alien has commenced employment with another employer who did not have a consent of the Estonian Unemployment Insurance Fund to fulfil the position by an alien;
 2) an alien has been unemployed for longer than three consecutive months during the period of validity of an EU Blue Card;
 3) an alien has been unemployed for more than once during the period of validity of an EU Blue Card or
 4) a subsistence allowance has been assigned to an alien during the period of validity of an EU Blue Card.

§ 190¹³.  Specifications regarding legal status of alien applying for EU Blue Card

  If an alien who holds an EU Blue Card issued by another member state of the European Union is applying for an EU Blue Card in Estonia, his or her stay in Estonia is legal until the making of a decision with regard to the application.
[ RT I, 09.03.2011, 3 - entry into force 19.06.2011]

Sub-subdivision 4² Temporary residence permit for intra-corporate transfer 
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 - entry into force 17.01.2017]

§ 190¹⁴.  Temporary residence permit for intra-corporate transfer

  A temporary residence permit for an intra-corporate transfer is a residence permit for employment which is issued to an alien who is transferred for the purposes of employment or practice within the company into Estonia from a company located outside a member state of the European Union into a company or branch of a company belonging to the same group with the company located in a member state of the European Union (hereinafter host entity).
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 - entry into force 17.01.2017]

§ 190¹⁵.  Application for temporary residence permit issued for intra-corporate transfer

 (1) An alien whose residence is outside a member state of the European Union shall submit an application for an issue of an intra-corporate transferee permit into Estonia in the case the intended period of stay in Estonia is the longest out of the whole period of the intra-corporate transfer intended in the European Union.

 (2) If the intended period of stay in Estonia is at least equal to the period of employment intended in another member state of the European Union, an alien may submit an application in Estonia if Estonia is the first member state where the intra-corporate transferee commences employment.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 - entry into force 17.01.2017]

§ 190¹⁶.  Provisions applied to temporary residence permit issued for intra-corporate transfer

 (1) The regulation of a residence permit for employment shall be applied upon the issue, extension and revocation of a temporary residence permit for intra-corporate transfer, taking account of the specifications provided for in this sub-subdivision.

 (2) The rights, obligations and responsibility of an employer arising from this Act shall extend to a host entity.

 (3) A contract with regard to work relations entered into in a foreign state shall be deemed an employment contract if it is in compliance with the provisions of the Employment Contracts Act with regard to the employment contract.

 (4) The Private International Law Act shall be applied in the choice of the law applicable to the contract entered into with regard to the work relations of an intra-corporate transferee.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 - entry into force 17.01.2017]

§ 190¹⁷.  Additional requirements for alien

  A temporary residence permit for an intra-corporate transfer may be issued to an alien who is employed in a company in the framework of an intra-corporate transfer:
 1) as a specialist if he or she has expertise in the areas of activity, working techniques or management of the host entity and the corresponding qualification;
 2) as an executive if he or she is subject to the control of the management or supervisory board of the host entity and is in charge of a company, department or its subdivision established in Estonia;
 3) as a trainee employee if he or she holds an academic degree and the purpose of the practice is to undergo training related to the organisation or methods of the company.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 - entry into force 17.01.2017]

§ 190¹⁸.  Additional requirements for issue of temporary residence permit for intra-corporate transfer

  A temporary residence permit for an intra-corporate transfer may be issued if:
 1) the host entity belongs to the same group with a company or is a branch of a company located outside a member state of the European Union;
 2) an intra-corporate transferee holds an employment contract with a company located outside a member state of the European Union on the basis of which the host entity undertakes to employ the person according to the conditions determined in the employment contract;
 3) an intra-corporate transferee has been employed just before the transfer of the company in a company or branch of a company belonging to the same group with the company as an executive or specialist for at least 12 consecutive months and as a trainee rmployee for at least six consecutive months.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 - entry into force 17.01.2017]

§ 190¹⁹.  Work conditions applied to intra-corporate transferee

 (1) An intra-corporate transferee shall be applied the following working conditions established in Estonia:
 1) work period;
 2) rest time;
 3) remuneration and compensation for overtime;
 4) duration of annual leave;
 5) equal treatment and equal opportunities.

 (2) An intra-corporate transferee shall be applied the Occupational Health and Safety Act also when it is less favourable than the provisions of the law of a foreign state. Upon employment on the basis of § 190¹⁴ of this Act the host entity shall ensure the compliance with the requirements specified in this subsection.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 - entry into force 17.01.2017]

§ 190²⁰.  Specification of period of validity of temporary residence permit for employment

  A temporary residence permit for an intra-corporate transfer shall be issued for the longest:
 1) for employment as a trainee employee for up to one year;
 2) for employment as an executive or specialist for up to three years.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 - entry into force 17.01.2017]

§ 190²¹.  Extension of temporary residence permit for intra-corporate transfer

  A temporary residence permit for an intra-corporate transfer may be extended in the case of trainee employees until the date of expiry specified in clause 190²⁰ 1) of this Act and in the case of managers and specialists until the day of expiry specified in clause 190²⁰ 2) of this Act.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force. 17.01.2017]

§ 190²².  Complementary bases for refusal to issue temporary residence permit for intra-corporate transfer

 (1) The issue of a temporary residence permit for intra-corporate transfer shall be refused if the host entity has been founded primarily to facilitate the entry of the intra-corporate transferees into Estonia or the Schengen territory.

 (2) The issue of a temporary residence permit for intra-corporate transfer shall be refused if:
 1) bankruptcy proceeding or liquidation proceeding has been commenced with regard to the host entity or the company has been declared bankrupt and there is no actual economic activity of the employer;
 2) the host entity has been punished for recruiting an alien or enabling employment to an alien illegally.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

§ 190²³.  Complementary bases for revocation of and refusal to extend temporary residence permit for intra-corporate transfer

 (1) The extension of a temporary residence permit for intra-corporate transfer shall be refused or the permit shall be revoked if:
 1) the host entity has been founded primarily to facilitate the entry of the intra-corporate transferees into Estonia or the Schengen territory;
 2) the term specified in § 190²⁰ of this Act has expired;
 3) bankruptcy proceeding or liquidation proceeding has been commenced with regard to the host entity or the company has been declared bankrupt and there is no actual economic activity of the employer.

 (2) The extension of a temporary residence permit for intra-corporate transfer may be refused or the permit may be revoked if an alien does not comply any more with the requirements for the issue of a temporary residence permit for intra-corporate transfer.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 - entry into force 17.01.2017]

§ 190²⁴.  Organisation of exchange of information

  The exchange of information with the member states of the European Union concerning a residence permit for intra-corporate transfer shall be organised by the Ministry of the Interior or an agency within the area of government of the Ministry of the Interior, which is designated by the minister responsible for the area.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 – entry into force 17.01.2017]

§ 190²⁵.  Readmission of alien on basis of temporary residence permit for intra-corporate transfer

  Estonia shall admit an alien who has been issued an intra-corporate transferee permit pursuant to § 190¹⁴ of this Act and whose permit has been revoked or has expired during the intra-corporate transfer to the second member state of the European Union.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 2 - entry into force 17.01.2017]

Sub-subdivision 5 Temporary residence permit for enterprise 

§ 191.  Temporary residence permit for enterprise

  The purpose of the grant of a temporary residence permit for enterprise is to contribute to the establishment of such companies and branches of foreign companies (hereinafter in this subdivision companies) in Estonia and the settling of sole proprietors and their activities in Estonia which would significantly contribute to the development of the Estonian economy.
[RT I 29.06.2012, 5 – entry into force 01.07.2012]

§ 192.  Requirements for business activity

 (1) A temporary residence permit for enterprise may be issued if the settling of an alien in Estonia shall significantly contribute to the achievement of the purpose of the residence permit granted for enterprise and the following conditions are met:
 1) an alien has a holding in a company or he or she operates as a sole proprietor;
 2) the company or the sole proprietor is entered into the commercial register of Estonia;
 3) an alien has sufficient monetary resources for engaging in enterprise in Estonia

 (2) An alien who has a holding in a company is required to have the capital in the amount of at least 65,000 euros, which is invested in business activity in Estonia.

 (2¹) The requirement for the amount of investment specified in subsection (2) of this section shall not be applied if:
 1) the company has been registered in Estonia for less than 12 months and commences operation with the support of the state or private investments, having received investment or loan from the state or a private management company licenced by the Financial Supervision Authority or a support from a public support measure;
 2) in the case of a start-up company.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (3) An alien who is applying for a temporary residence permit for enterprise as a sole proprietor is required to have the capital in the amount of at least 16,000 euros invested in Estonia.

 (3¹) The requirement for the amount of investment specified in subsection (3) of this section shall not be applied to a start-up company.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 - entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (4) The equity capital, subordinated liability and registered amount of fixed assets of a company are deemed to be included in the invested capital as a condition for the grant and extension of a temporary residence permit for enterprise.

 (5) An alien shall submit the description of the business plan on the basis of which it is possible to assess if the grant of a residence permit to him or her shall be in compliance with the purpose of the grant of the residence permit for enterprise and provide evidence, in addition to other facts which are relevant in the proceeding, that there are no circumstances which would preclude his or her nomination as a member of the management body, procurator or the acquisition of a major holding or prohibit to be an actual beneficiary.

 (6) An alien is required to submit the business plan in the Estonian or English language.

 (6¹) The requirement for the description of the business plan specified in subsection (5) of this section shall not be applied to a start-up company.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 - entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (7) After one year has passed from the issue of a residence permit, one of the following conditions may be met during the period of validity of a temporary residence permit for enterprise instead of the possession condition of a residence permit provided for in subsection (2) of this Section:
 1) the sales revenue of the company shall be at least 200,000 euros per year or
 2) the social tax paid in Estonia monthly for the persons employed by the company shall be at least equal with the social tax paid in Estonia monthly on the remuneration equalling fivefold Estonian annual average gross wages.

 (8) At the request of the Police and Border Guard Board the Tax and Customs Board shall submit the data of the remuneration on which the company has paid social tax.
[RT I, 29.06.2012, 5 – entry into force 01.07.2012]

§ 193.  Conditions determined in temporary residence permit for enterprise

  A temporary residence permit for enterprise shall set out the areas of activity permitted for the undertaking and, where necessary, also the licensed territory.

§ 194.  Additional condition for extension of temporary residence permit for enterprise

 (1) A temporary residence permit for enterprise can be extended if the previous activities of an alien have been in compliance with the requisite conditions set for the grant and extension of the residence permit and with the purposes of the temporary residence permit for enterprise.

 (2) Instead of the condition provided for in subsection 192 (2) of this Act, an alien may meet one of the following conditions as a condition for the extension of a residence permit for enterprise:
 1) the sales revenue of a company shall be at least 200,000 euros per year or
 2) the social tax paid in Estonia monthly for the persons employed by the company shall be at least equal with the social tax paid in Estonia monthly on the remuneration equalling fivefold Estonian annual average gross wages.

 (3) If several aliens have been granted a temporary residence permit for enterprise related to the activity of the company, the requirement provided for in subsection (2) of this section shall apply to each alien who has been granted the temporary residence permit for enterprise separately.

 (4) At the request of the Police and Border Guard Board the Tax and Customs Board shall submit the data about the remuneration on which the company has paid social tax.
[RT I, 29.06.2012, 5 – entry into force 01.07.2012]

§ 195.  Additional bases for revocation of temporary residence permit for enterprise

  The grant or extension of a temporary residence permit for enterprise may be refused or residence permit may be revoked if:
 1) an alien does not provide evidence of the trustworthiness of his or her own current and planned business activities or of the company, of the business associates or financial resources;
 2) the explanations of an alien about his or her own current and planned business activities or about the company are not convincing or are controversial;
 3) an alien does not provide evidence that his or her stay in Estonia on the basis of the residence permit would significantly contribute to the achievement of the purpose of the temporary residence permit for enterprise;
 4) an alien does not provide evidence of how his or her own activities or the activities of a company would contribute to the achievement of the purpose of the temporary residence permit for enterprise;
 5) the current activities of an alien or a company are not in accordance with the plans in the description of the business plan;
 6) the current activities of an alien or a company are not in accordance with the purpose of the temporary residence permit for enterprise;
 7) an alien has failed to meet the condition related to the temporary stay, residence and employment in Estonia of an alien arising form this Act or any other law.
[RT I, 29.06.2012, 5 – entry into force 01.07.2012]

§ 196.  Obligation of notification of change in facts

  An alien who has been issued a temporary residence permit for enterprise is required to inform the Police and Border Guard Board of any change in the facts on the basis of which the residence permit was issued, of difficulties in the performance of the assumed duties or of the impossibility to perform the assumed duties.

§ 197.  Restrictions on employment in Estonia

  [Repealed - RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

§ 197¹.  Period of validity of temporary residence permit for enterprise

 (1) [Repealed - RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 01.10.2017]

 (2) By derogation from the time-limit provided in §§ 119 and 132 of this Act, in the case provided for in § 195 of this Act a temporary residence permit for enterprise may be granted for a shorter period than up to five years and extended for a shorter period than up to ten years.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 01.10.2017]

Sub-subdivision 5¹ Temporary residence permit issued to large investor for enterprise 
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 - entry into force 18.01.2017]

§ 197².  Purpose of issue of temporary residence permit to large investor for enterprise

  A temporary residence permit issued to a large investor for enterprise is a residence permit for enterprise the purpose of which is to facilitate making investments in such business in Estonia which is in public interests and significantly contributes to the development of the Estonian economy.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

§ 197³.  Requirements for issue of temporary residence permit to large investor for enterprise

 (1) For the purposes of this sub-section a large investor is an alien who has made a direct investment in the amount of at least 1,000,000 euros into a company, registered in the Estonian Commercial Register, investing primarily into the Estonian economy, or has made an investment into an investment fund, which, pursuant to its investment policy, invests the resources of the fund primarily into the companies entered into the Estonian Commercial register.

 (2) The investment specified in subsection (1) of this section is required to be lasting during the period of validity of the residence permit. The investment is lasting if the investment is not reduced during the period of validity of the residence permit, except for due to the fluctuations in the market price of the investment, or it has not been taken out from the company or investment fund specified in subsection (1) of this section.

 (3) The company or investment fund in which the initial investment was made as required for the issue of a residence permit may be changed during the period of validity of the residence permit provided that the company or investment fund in which the investments have been made comply with the requirements provided for in subsection (1) of this section..
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

§ 197⁴.  Specification of requirements for issue and extension of residence permit

  The requirement for actual dwelling specified in subsection 117 (1) of this Act and for the registration of the place of residence in the population register specified in § 121 and 129 (3) of this Act need not be fulfilled as a requirement for the issue and extension of a temporary residence permit to a large investor for enterprise.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

§ 197⁵.  Supplementary bases for refusal to issue permanent residence permit to large investor for enterprise and for revocation of residence permit

  The issue or extension of a temporary residence permit to a large investor for enterprise may be refused or the residence permit revoked if:
 1) an alien has not made the investment specified in subsection 197³ (1) of this Act or the investment is not lasting during the period of validity of the temporary residence permit;
 2) the activity of the company or investment fund specified in subsection 197³ (1) of this Act does not contribute to the purpose of the issue of a temporary residence permit issued to a large investor for enterprise;
 3) the investment is not in the public interests;
 4) an alien does not provide evidence of the trustworthiness of the financial source of investment or of the business partner or
 5) an alien has not fulfilled the obligation related to the temporary stay, residence or employment of an alien in Estonia arising from this Act or other legislation.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 - entry into force 18.01.2017]

§ 197⁶.  Obligation to notify of change in circumstances

  The large investor is required to notify the Police and Border Guard Board of the change in circumstances, including the change of the company or investment fund pursuant to the procedure provided for in subsection 197³ (3) of this Act.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 - entry into force 18.01.2017]

§ 197⁷.  Specification of bases for revocation of temporary residence permit

  If an alien holds a temporary residence permit issued to a large investor for enterprise, the circumstance that the alien does not have a registered residence in Estonia or an actual dwelling in Estonia shall not be applied as a basis for revocation of the residence permit.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 - entry into force 18.01.2017]

§ 197⁸.  Provisions applied with regard to temporary residence permit issued to large investor for enterprise

  The regulation provided for in Sub-subdivision 5 Subdivision 4 Division 1 of Chapter 3 of this Act shall not be applied upon the issue, extension and revocation of the temporary residence permit issued to a large investor for enterprise.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 - entry into force 18.01.2017]

Sub-subdivision 6 Temporary residence permit in case of sufficient legal income 

§ 198.  Temporary residence permit issued in case of sufficient legal income

  A temporary residence permit in case of sufficient legal income may be issued to an alien whose legal income ensures his or her subsistence in Estonia if the issue of the residence permit does not damage public interests.

§ 199.  Period of validity of temporary residence permit in case of sufficient legal income

  A temporary residence permit in case of sufficient legal income may be issued for up to two years at a time and it may be extended by ten years at a time.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 01.10.2017]

§ 200.  Restrictions on employment in Estonia

  An alien who has been issued a temporary residence permit in case of sufficient legal income is prohibited to work in Estonia.
[RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 – entry into force 01.09.2013]

Sub-subdivision 6¹ Temporary residence permit in case of substantial national interest 
[RT I, 29.06.2012, 5 - entry into force 01.01.2015]

§ 200¹.  Purpose of issue of temporary residence permit in case of substantial national interest

  The purpose of the issue of a temporary residence permit in case of substantial national interest is to create an opportunity to settle in Estonia for an alien who does not have a basis for application for a residence permit provided for in clauses 118 1)-5) and 7) of this Act but whose settling in Estonia is in the national interests.
[RT I, 29.06.2012, 5 – entry into force 01.01.2015]

§ 200².  Additional conditions for issue and extension of temporary residence permit in case of substantial national interest

  In case of substantial national interest a temporary residence permit may be issued or extended if the following conditions are met:
 1) the issue of a temporary residence permit in Estonia to an alien or the extension thereof is supported by the Government of the Republic or a governmental authority according to whose assessment the residence of the alien in Estonia on the basis of a residence permit is in the national interests;
 2) issue of a residence permit to an alien corresponds to the purpose of the issue of a residence permit vin case of substantial national interest.
[RT I, 29.06.2012, 5 – entry into force 01.01.2015]

§ 200³.  Period of validity of temporary residence permit issued in case of substantial national interest

  [Repealed - RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 01.10.2017]

§ 200⁴.  Restrictions on employment in Estonia

  An alien who has been issued a temporary residence permit in case of substantial national interest shall be prohibited to work in Estonia and the alien shall not be given permission for employment in Estonia.
[RT I, 29.06.2012, 5 – entry into force 01.01.2015]

Sub-subdivision 7 Temporary residence permit on basis of treaty 

§ 201.  Temporary residence permit on basis of treaty

  A temporary residence permit on the basis of a treaty may be issued to an alien whose application for residence permit is based on a provision in a treaty concluded by Estonia or the European Union.

§ 202.  Justification of temporary residence permit on basis of treaty

  Upon application for residence permit an alien must refer to the provision of the treaty that is the basis for his or her application for residence permit and provide a justification.

Sub-subdivision 8 Temporary residence permit in case of substantial public interest 

§ 203.  Cases of temporary residence permits issued for participation in criminal proceedings

  [RT I, 29.06.2012, 5 – entry into force 01.01.2015]

 (1) An alien may be issued a temporary residence permit for participation in criminal proceedings for assistance in the ascertaining of the facts of the subject of proof of a criminal offence if:
[RT I, 29.06.2012, 5 – entry into force 01.01.2015]
 1) he or she is a victim or a witness in a criminal procedure, the object of which is a criminal offence provided for in §§ 133-133 ³, §§ 138-140, § 145¹, § 175 or clause 260¹ (1) 3) or 5) of the Penal Code;
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]
 2) [Repealed - RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]
 3) [Repealed – RT I, 18.04.2013, 2 – entry into force 28.04.2013]
 4) [Repealed - RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]
 5) an alien has been issued a temporary residence permit to settle with his or her spouse and their marriage ends before three years have passed as of the issue of the residence permit and he or she is a victim in a criminal procedure the object of which is a criminal offence provided for in clauses 121 (2) 2) or § 141 of the Penal Code.
[RT I, 26.06.2017, 69 – entry into force 06.07.2017]

 (1) In case of the issue of a temporary residence permit for participation in criminal proceedings the victim or witness specified in subsection (1) of this section shall have previously facilitated the ascertaining of facts relating to the subject of proof of a criminal offence or has given consent for doing so and has broken off all the relations with the persons who are being suspected or accused of committing the respective offence.
[RT I, 29.06.2012, 5 – entry into force 01.01.2015]

§ 204.  Notification of alien

  Upon the existence of the bases provided for in subsection 203 (1) of this Act the prosecutor’s office or an investigative authority on the order of the prosecutor’s office shall notify an alien of the services offered during the cooling-off period, of the possibilities and conditions of the issue of a temporary residence permit for participation in criminal proceedings and the grant of international protection.
[RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 – entry into force 01.01.2015]

§ 205.  Cooling-off period

  Upon the decision of the prosecutor’s office a cooling-off period of 30 to 60 calendar days is granted to an alien from the moment when he or she is notified of the facts provided for in § 204 of this Act in order that an alien could make a decision whether he or she wishes to cooperate with the investigative authority or the prosecutor’s office.
[RT I, 18.04.2013, 2 - entry into force 28.04.2013]

§ 206.  Revocation of cooling-off period

 (1) A prosecutor’s office may revoke the decision for granting a cooling-off period to an alien prematurely if an alien has voluntarily and on his or her own initiative renewed contacts with a person who is being suspected or accused of committing a criminal offence, or if an alien constitutes a threat to public order or national security.

 (2) The revocation of the decision for granting a cooling-off period shall not be justified.

 (3) Upon revocation of the decision on granting a cooling-off period to an alien, the alien’s obligation to leave is immediately executed according to the procedure provided for in the Obligation to Leave and Prohibition on Entry Act.

§ 207.  Conditions of issue of temporary residence permit for participation in criminal proceedings

 (1) A temporary residence permit for participation in criminal proceedings shall be issued if the conditions of issue of temporary residence permit provided for in this subdivision are met with regard to an alien and the alien does not constitute a threat to public order or national security.

 (2) A minor or a person with restricted active legal capacity may be issued a temporary residence permit for participation in criminal proceedings if the issue of the residence permit is in compliance with her or his rights and interests.
[RT I, 29.06.2012, 5 – entry into force 01.01.2015]

§ 208.  Period of validity of temporary residence permit issued for participation in criminal proceedings

 (1) A temporary residence permit for participation in criminal proceedings shall be issued for six up to twelve months on the application of the prosecutor’s office.

 (2) A temporary residence permit for participation in criminal proceedings shall be extended for the term stated in the application of the prosecutor’s office, but for no longer than for twelve months at a time.

 (3) If an alien proves that he has the right to demand unreceived remuneration for employment in Estonia from the employer, the Police and Border Guard Board may extend the temporary residence permit for participation in criminal proceedings until payment of remuneration in the case the stay in Estonia of the alien contributes to the performance of the obligation to pay remuneration.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

§ 209.  Conditions of extension of temporary residence permit issued for participation in criminal proceedings

 (1) A temporary residence permit for participation in criminal proceedings shall be extended if the grounds for granting such a residence permit have been retained.

 (2) An application of the prosecutor’s office and the written consent of an alien are required for the extension of a temporary residence permit for participation in criminal proceedings.
[RT I, 29.06.2012, 5 – entry into force 01.01.2015]

§ 210.  Revocation of temporary residence permit issued for participation in criminal proceedings

  [RT I, 29.06.2012, 5 – entry into force 01.01.2015]

 (1) A temporary residence permit issued for participation in criminal proceedings may be revoked:
[RT I, 29.06.2012, 5 – entry into force 01.01.2015]
 1) upon termination of criminal proceedings;
 2) if an alien has abandoned contributing to the clarification of facts of the subject of proof of the criminal offence, or has voluntarily renewed contacts with the person being suspected or accused of committing the criminal offence or;
 3) if an alien constitutes a threat to public order or national security.

 (2) In cases provided for in clauses (1) 1) and 2) of this section the temporary residence permit for participation in criminal proceedings shall be revoked on the initiative of the prosecutor’s office.
[RT I, 29.06.2012, 5 – entry into force 01.01.2015]

Sub-subdivision 9 Temporary residence permit for settling permanently in Estonia 
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 - entry into force 01.01.2016]

§ 210¹.  Purpose of temporary residence permit issued for settling permanently in Estonia

 (1) The purpose of the temporary residence permit issued for settling in Estonia is to enable an alien, who has settled into Estonia on the basis of a temporary residence permit and whose residence in Estonia is in accordance with public interests, to settle in Estonia.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (2) The temporary residence permit for settling permanently in Estonia may be issued to an alien who has held a temporary or permanent right of residence in Estonia, who holds a long-term resident’s residence permit in Estonia or who has been an Estonian citizen.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

 (2) The temporary residence permit for settling permanently in Estonia may be issued also to an alien, who holds a doctorate degree, without applying the additional conditions provided for in subsection 210² (1) of this Act provided that the compliance of the document attesting higher education of an alien with the doctorate degree has been assessed on the basis of subsection 28¹(2) of the Republic of Estonia Education Act pursuant to the conditions and procedure established by a regulation of the Government of the Republic for the assessment and academic recognition of documents attesting education completed in a foreign state and for the use of a title of qualification acquired in the educational system of a foreign state by an agency competent to assess foreign and cross-border qualifications that enable access to higher education and attestation thereof.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

§ 210².  Additional conditions of granting temporary residence permit issued for settling permanently in Estonia

 (1) The additional conditions of the issue of temporary residence permit for settling permanently in Estonia are:
 1) an alien has resided in Estonia for at least three years during five consecutive years;
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]
 2) an alien has adapted well in Estonia and
 3) the current activities of an alien have been so far in compliance with the purpose and conditions of the issue of a residence permit thereto.

 (2) The conditions provided for in clause (1) 1) of this section shall not be applied with regard to an alien who has acquired higher education in Estonia in the studies based on the integrated curricula of the Bachelor’s and Master’s studies or in the Master’s or Doctoral studies.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

 (3) The conditions provided for in clause (1) 1) of this Act shall not be applied to an alien who has held the Estonian temporary residence permit or right of residence but who has been taken during the period of validity of the residence permit or right of residence to another state for the purpose of forced marriage and as a result has lost the Estonian residence permit or right of residence.
[RT I, 26.06.2017, 69 – entry into force 06.07.2017]

§ 210³.  Derogation from purpose and conditions of granting temporary residence permit issued for settling permanently in Estonia

 (1) By way of derogation from the purpose provided for in § 210¹ of this Act in exceptional circumstances an alien may be granted a temporary residence permit issued for settling permanently in Estonia if the alien is staying in Estonia and in the course of the proceedings concerning the entry of an alien into Estonia, his or her temporary stay, residence and employment in Estonia and the obligation to leave Estonia of an alien it has become evident that it would be clearly unduly burdensome to him or her, the alien lacks the possibility of getting the residence permit in Estonia on another basis and the alien does not constitute a threat to public order and national security.

 (2) The decision on granting a temporary residence permit by way of derogation specified in subsection (1) of this section shall be substantiated and shall also note the considerations on which the making of the decision was based.
[RT I, 06.04.2016 – entry into force 01.05.2016]

§ 210⁴.  Derogation from period of validity of temporary residence permit issued for settling permanently in Estonia

  A temporary residence permit issued for settling permanently in Estonia on the basis of § 210³ of this Act may be issued for up to one year at a time and may be extended by up to three years at a time.
[RT I, 06.04.2016, 1 – entry into force 01.05.2016]

Subdivision 5 Proceeding of temporary residence permits 

Sub-subdivision 1 Competence 

§ 211.  Competence for issue and extension of temporary residence permit

 (1) The issue or refusal to issue, the extension or refusal to extend of a temporary residence permit shall be decided by the Police and Border Guard Board unless otherwise provided for by this Act or a treaty.
[RT I, 06.04.2016, 1 – entry into force 01.05.2016]

 (2) The grant by way of derogation of a temporary residence permit issued for settling in Estonia specified in § 210³ of this Act shall be decided by the Director General of the Police and Border Guard Board.
[RT I, 06.04.2016, 1 – entry into force 01.05.2016]

§ 212.  Competence for revocation of temporary residence permit

  The Police and Border Guard Board shall decide revocation of a temporary residence permit unless otherwise provided for by a treaty.

Sub-subdivision 2 Application 

§ 213.  Application for temporary residence permit

 (1) In order to apply for a temporary residence permit an alien shall submit an application for a temporary residence permit personally.

 (1¹) An alien need not personally appear at the Estonian foreign mission or the Police and Border Guard Board to apply for a temporary residence permit if he or she has undergone fingerprinting in the proceedings concerning the issue of a residence permit, right of residence or identity document and the captured fingerprints enable identification of a person and comply with the requirements established on the basis of subsection 15 (6) of the Identity Documents Act and clauses 224 (1) 4) and 5) and clauses 250 (2) 7) and 8) of this Act.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 - entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (2) A minor child who resides permanently in a foreign state and who is at least 15 years of age may submit an application for a temporary residence permit personally only with the notarised consent of a legal representative.
[RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 – entry into force 01.09.2013]

 (3) Upon the application for a residence permit to a minor child the notarised consent of a parent who is not moving to Estonia or a consent thereof that is officially certified at a foreign mission of Estonia shall be submitted. The consent of the parent shall be presumed if he or she submits an application for a residence permit on behalf of the minor child.

 (4) Subsection (3) of this section shall not be applied if the minor child is issued a temporary residence permit to settle with a parent on the basis of § 150¹ of this Act.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 01.10.2017]

§ 214.  Specifications of application for temporary residence permit

 (1) An official or employee of a custodial institution who is authorised by an alien shall forward an application for the temporary residence permit on behalf of a prisoner or a person in detention or custody staying in the custodial institution. The official or employee of the custodial institution shall present his or her identification for the performance of such acts in addition to the power of attorney of the imprisoned person.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 - entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (2) A prisoner or a person in detention or custody staying in a custodial institution may send the application indicated in subsection (1) of this section by post through the custodial institution with the cover letter of the custodial institution if an official or employee of the custodial institution has verified his or her identity.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 - entry into force 02.04.2015]

§ 215.  Lodging of application for temporary residence permit at foreign mission of Estonia

  An alien shall submit an application for a temporary residence permit at a foreign mission of Estonia which shall send it, if necessary, to the Police and Border Guard Board for proceedings after the person has been identified or the identity verified and after the taking of biometric data.
[RT I, 09.12.2010, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2011]

§ 216.  Submission of application for temporary residence permits to Police and Border Guard Board

 (1) The following persons may apply for a temporary residence permit at the Police and Border Guard Board:
 1) an alien who has a legal basis for the stay in Estonia;
 2) an alien who is staying in the state illegally who is unable to apply for the issue of a temporary residence permit at a foreign representation of Estonia for good reason except in the case his or her obligation to leave is subject to compulsory enforcement;
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 - entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (1¹) At the latest within one month as of the entry into Estonia the following person is required to apply for the EU Blue Card, residence permit to settle with a spouse or residence permit to settle with a close relative:
 1) an alien who is holding the EU Blue Card issued by another member state of the European Union who is applying for the EU Blue Card in Estonia;
 2) a spouse of an alien who is holding the EU Blue Card issued by another member state of the European Union, who holds a residence permit issued by another member state of the European Union for a family member of an alien holding the EU Blue Card, who is applying for a residence permit in Estonia to settle with spouse;
 3) a close relative of an alien who is holding the EU Blue Card issued by another member state of the European Union, who holds a residence permit issued by another member state of the European Union for a family member of an alien holding the EU Blue Card, who is applying for a residence permit in Estonia to settle with close relative.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 - entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (2) [Repealed - RT I, 09.03.2011, 3 - entry into force 19.06.2011]

§ 217.  Application for temporary residence permit issued for participation in criminal proceedings

 (1) For participation in criminal proceedings the proceedings for the issue of a temporary residence permit shall be initiated at the written request of the prosecutor’s office, which is added the written consent of an alien. An alien does not need to submit the specified application for a residence permit personally.

 (2) An alien is involved in the proceeding of the issue of a temporary residence permit for participation in criminal proceeding as a third person for the purposes of clause 11 (1) 3) of the Administrative Procedure Act.

 (3) To clarify the facts of the cases of the issue of a temporary residence permit for participation in criminal proceedings the prosecutor’s office or an investigative authority on the order by the prosecutor’s office is entitled to interview an alien, make enquiries to the agencies administering databases and use the assistance of psychologists, general practitioners or specialist physicians and interpreters.
[RT I, 29.06.2012, 5 – entry into force 01.01.2015]

 (2) An alien need not personally address the Police and Border Guard Board to apply for the extension of a temporary residence permit in the cases provided for in § 277 of this Act and in the case the fingerprints of the applicant captured in the last proceedings concerning the issue of a residence permit, work permit, right of residence or identity document enable identification of a person and comply with the requirements established on the basis of subsection 15 (6) of the Identity Documents Act and clauses 224 (1) 4) and 5) and clauses 250 (2) 7) and 8) of this Act.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 - entry into force 18.01.2017] An alien is involved in the proceeding of the issue of a temporary residence permit for participation in criminal proceeding as a third person for the purposes of clause 11 (1) 3) of the Administrative Procedure Act.

 (3) To clarify the facts of the cases of the issue of a temporary residence permit for participation in criminal proceedings the prosecutor’s office or an investigative authority on the order by the prosecutor’s office is entitled to interview an alien, make enquiries to the agencies administering databases and use the assistance of psychologists, general practitioners or specialist physicians and interpreters.
[RT I, 29.06.2012, 5 – entry into force 01.01.2015]

§ 217¹.  Application for extension of temporary residence permit

 (1) An alien shall personally lodge an application for the extension of a temporary residence permit to the Police and Border Guard Board in order to extend the temporary residence permit.

 (2) An alien need not appear at the Police and Border Guard Board in person to lodge an application for the extension of a temporary residence permit in the cases provided for in § 277 of this Act and in the case the fingerprints of an applicant captured in the last proceedings concerning a residence permit, work permit, the right of residence or the issue of a personal identification document enable identification of a person and comply with the requirements established on the basis of subsection 15 (6) of the Identity Documents Act and clauses 224 (1) 4) and 5) and clauses 250 (2) 7) and 8) of this Act.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 - entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (3) [Repealed - RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 01.10.2017].

 (4) An official or employee of a custodial institution who is authorised by an alien for that purpose shall forward an application of a prisoner or a person in detention or custody staying in a custodial institution for the extension of a temporary residence permit. Upon performance of these acts the official or employee of the custodial institution shall present his or her identification in addition to the power of attorney of the imprisoned person.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 - entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (5) A prisoner or a person in detention or custody staying in a custodial institution may send the application indicated in subsection (1) of this section by post through the custodial institution with the cover letter of the custodial institution which confirms that an official or employee of the custodial institution has verified the applicant’s identity.
[RT I, 19.03.2015, 2 - entry into force 29.03.2015]

Sub-subdivision 3 Procedure 

§ 218.  Concurrent review of several applications for temporary residence permits

  If several applications for a residence permit with regard to an alien are processed concurrently, the decision shall be made with regard to only one application for a residence permit chosen by an alien. If an alien fails to notify an administrative authority which is competent to make a decision about which application for a residence permit the decision should be made, the decision shall be made regarding the application for a residence permit which was last submitted and the remaining applications for residence permits shall be dismissed.

§ 219.  Refusal to review application for temporary residence permit

  An application for a temporary residence permit is deemed to be clearly unfounded and its contents shall not be reviewed if::
 1) an alien has been refused the issue of a residence permit on the basis of this Act and an alien has not produced any new essential evidence of the facts of which an alien was unaware during the proceedings regarding the previous application;
 2) an alien has submitted an application for a temporary residence permit in order to avoid the enforcement of return, expulsion or extradition procedure and it has been possible for him or her to submit an application for a temporary residence permit earlier;
 3) an alien has not provided credible evidence regarding the reason for application for a temporary residence permit;
 4) the explanations of an alien or a person obliged to give explanations are inconsistent, conflicting, improbable or lacking in circumstantial or personal details;
 5) a basis for the refusal to review an application provided for in the Administrative Procedure Act has become evident or;
 6) an alien is not required to hold a temporary residence permit in Estonia.

§ 220.  Refusal to review application for extension of temporary residence permit

 (1) An application for the extension of a temporary residence permit is deemed clearly unfounded and its review is refused if a basis for refusal provided for in § 219 of this Act becomes evident.

 (2) If the information of the place of residence in Estonia of an alien has not been registered in the Population Register, an alien shall be given a term for the registering of the information of the place of residence in the Population Register. In case of a failure to register the information of the place of residence in the Population Register the application for the extension of a temporary residence permit shall be not be reviewed.

§ 221.  Prohibition on restoration of term

 (1) The term prescribed for application for the extension of a temporary residence permit shall not be restored if the period of validity of the temporary residence permit has expired.

 (2) Subsection (1) of this section shall not be applied if an alien has submitted the application for the extension of a temporary residence permit within the term provided for in subsections 43 (4) and (5) of this Act.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

§ 222.  Filing of appeal

 (1) Within ten days as of the date of notification of the decision an appeal may be filed with an administrative court or a challenge may be filed against a decision on the issue of and refusal to issue, the extension of and refusal to extend and the revocation of a temporary residence permit or the refusal to review an application for a temporary residence permit. A decision on the challenge may be contested in an administrative court within the same term.

 (2) If making a decision on the issue of, refusal to issue, the extension of or refusal to extend a temporary residence permit is within the competence of the Government of the Republic, a challenge cannot be filed.

 (3) Pursuant to subsections (1) and (2) of this section an alien may file an appeal or challenge against a decision on the issue of or refusal to issue, the extension of or refusal to extend or the revocation of a temporary residence permit for participation in criminal proceedings.
[RT I, 29.06.2012, 5 – entry into force 01.01.2015]

§ 222¹.  Restriction of right of appeal

 (1) A challenge may be filed against a decision regarding the issue or refusal to issue, by way of derogation, a decision concerning the grant of temporary residence permit issued for settling permanently in Estonia specified in subsection 210³ (1) of this Act.

 (2) An appeal may not be filed with the administrative court against a decision regarding the issue or refusal to issue, by way of derogation, a decision concerning the grant of temporary residence permit issued for settling permanently in Estonia specified in subsection 210³ (1) of this Act.
[RT I, 06.04.2016, 1 – entry into force 01.05.2016]

Subdivision 6 Organisation of temporary residence permit 

§ 223.  Identification code

  An alien who has been issued a residence permit shall be given a personal identification code pursuant to the procedure provided for in the Population Register Act.

§ 223¹.  Adaptation programme for aliens

 (1) The adaptation programme for aliens who have been issued a residence permit or whose residence permit has been extended shall be established by a regulation of the minister responsible for the area.

 (2) The minister responsible for the area may conclude a civil law or public law contract in the procedure provided for in the Administrative Co-operation Act for the performance of the duty provided for in the adaptation programme for aliens.
[RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 – entry into force 01.09.2013]

§ 224.  Organisation of proceedings of temporary residence permits

 (1) The minister responsible for the area shall establish by a regulation:
 1) the procedure and terms for application, issue, extension and revocation of a temporary residence permit, a list of information to be provided in the application and of evidence to be appended to the application;
 2) the rates of legal income and remuneration provided for in this Act;
 3) the minimum age limit under which the fingerprints of a person are not captured;
 4) other persons or categories of persons whose fingerprints are not captured;
 5) the procedure for capturing fingerprints of an alien who applies for issue of a temporary residence permit or extension thereof and
 6) a standard format of a temporary residence permit;
 7) a list of data in the description of the business plan to be submitted upon application for a temporary residence permit for enterprise.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

 (1¹) The minister responsible for the area shall establish by a regulation the requirements set to a private management company specified in subsection 181 (7) and subsection 192 (2¹) of this Act or a list of private management companies.
[RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 – entry into force 01.09.2013]

 (1²) The minister responsible for the area shall establish by a regulation a list of scholarships financed by the Estonian state and recognised internationally, treaties, international cooperation agreements and international programmes of cooperation of educational institutions referred to in subsection 140 (3) of this Act and the requirements set for them.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 01.04.2017]

 (1³) The minister responsible for the area shall establish by a regulation the requirements and procedure for assessment of the compliance with the specification of a start-up company upon application for the issue and extension of a temporary residence permit and the list of data and evidence to be submitted for that purpose and the requirements for the submission thereof.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (2) [Repealed - RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (3) The information of administrative acts issued and the procedural acts performed in the course of proceedings concerning applications for a temporary residence permit and for the extension thereof, applications for the transfer of the data of a temporary residence permit to a travel document of a foreign country and applications for the registration of the absence from Estonia, as well as the data of administrative acts issued and procedural acts performed concerning revocation of residence permits and work permits shall be processed in the Register of Residence and Work Permits.

§ 225.  Organisation of issue of temporary residence permits for participation in criminal proceedings

  [RT I, 29.06.2012, 5 – entry into force 01.01.2015]
The list of information and evidence to be provided in the application of the Prosecutor’s Office to initiate proceedings concerning the issue of a temporary residence permit as well as the evidence to be added to the application shall be established by a regulation of the minister responsible for the area.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

§ 226.  Place of stay of alien and services provided to alien

 (1) An alien shall be placed with his or her consent, for the period of the cooling-off period provided for in § 205 of this Act, of the review of the application for a temporary residence permit for participation in criminal proceedings and upon the issue of the specified residence permit for the period of validity of the residence permit to a place designated by the Social Insurance Board.
[RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 – entry into force 01.01.2015]

 (2) The Social Insurance Board shall provide the services specified in §§ 3 and 3¹of the Victim Support Act to an alien with his or her consent.

 (3) Upon the provision of services to an alien the specific needs of minors, unaccompanied minors, disabled people, elderly people, pregnant women, single parents with minor children and persons who have been subjected to torture, rape or other serious forms of psychological, physical or sexual violence.

 (4) Upon the assignment of the place of stay of an unaccompanied minor alien and the provision of services the priority is given to the rights and interests of the minor.
[RT I, 18.04.2013, 2 – entry into force 28.04.2013]

§ 227.  Representation of unaccompanied minor and adult alien with a restricted legal capacity

 (1) The provisions of the Act on Granting International protection to Aliens regarding the representation of unaccompanied minor or adult with restricted legal capacity applying for or receiving international protection shall apply correspondingly to the representation of an unaccompanied minor and adult alien with a restricted legal capacity in the proceedings provided for in this Act.
[RT I, 18.04.2013, 2 – entry into force 28.04.2013]

§ 228.  Register of residence and work permits

 (1) The register of residence and work permits is a database established by the Government of the Republic of Estonia. The minister responsible for the area shall establish by a regulation the statutes for maintenance of the database.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

 (2) The purpose of maintaining a database of residence and work permits is to ensure public order and national security through processing data of the legal bases and the conditions of the residence and employment in Estonia of an alien.

 (3) To meet the purposes of the maintenance of the database, in the course of the performance of functions provided for by a legal act of the European Union, a treaty, an act or a regulation, the data are processed of the administrative acts issued and procedural acts performed in the course of proceedings concerning applications for residence permits and work permits and the applications for a temporary residence permit and the extension thereof, applications for the issue of a long-term resident’s residence permit and the restoration thereof, applications for a work permit and the extension thereof, applications for the transfer of information of a residence permit into a travel document of a foreign country, the registration of the absence from Estonia, the revocation of a residence permit and a work permit, as well as of the data concerning the temporary right of residence and the extension thereof of a family member of a citizen of the European Union and the registration of the right of permanent residence and the right of residence of a citizen of the European Union and his or her family member and the data of the proceedings related to adaptation programme.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 - entry into force 01.08.2015]

 (4) In private and public relationships the data of the database concerning administrative acts issued and procedural acts performed in the proceedings specified in subsection (3) of this section may be used as a basis for the data on the existence of the legal basis for the temporary stay, residence and employment in Estonia of an alien and of the conditions of the temporary stay, residence and employment in Estonia.

 (5) The data processed in the database are not public unless otherwise provided for in this Act.

 (6) The Police and Border Guard Board may enable the verification of the validity of a residence permit and the right of residence on the public web page without disclosing the personal data of an alien.
[RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 – entry into force 01.09.2013]

§ 229.  Formalisation of temporary residence permit

  A temporary residence permit is formalised on the basis of the data of the decision on the issue of a temporary residence permit or extension thereof.

Division 2 Residence permit for long-term resident 

Subdivision 1 Issue and refusal to issue residence permit for long-term resident 

§ 230.  Residence permit for long-term resident

  A residence permit for a long-term resident is a permit issued to an alien for entry into Estonia and residence in Estonia for an unspecified term pursuant to the conditions provided for in this Act and determined by the residence permit.

§ 231.  Rights of alien with residence permit for long-term resident

 (1) A residence permit for a long-term resident shall grant an alien the rights provided for in Chapter III of Council Directive 2003/109/EU concerning the status of third-country nationals who are long-term residents, (OJ L 016, 23.01.2004, pp. 44-53).

 (2) Subsection (1) of this section shall not be applied:
 1) [Repealed – RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 – entry into force 12.07.2013]
 2) with regard to a minor child under five years of age who is a child of a citizen of Estonia residing in Estonia or an alien who is holding a residence permit for a long-term resident of Estonia if the child is given a residence permit for long-term residents;
 3) with regard to an alien who is holding a residence permit for a long-term resident in Estonia issued under the conditions provided for in subsection 232 (5) of this Act.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

 (3) An alien who is holding a residence permit for a long-term resident in Estonia does not need a specific permit for employment and engagement in business activities in Estonia.
[RT I, 02.07.2013, 3 – entry into force 01.09.2013]

§ 232.  Conditions of issue of residence permit for long-term resident

 (1) A residence permit for a long-term resident may be issued to an alien who corresponds to the following conditions:
 1) he or she has resided in Estonia on the basis of a residence permit for at least last five years before the submission of the application for a residence permit for a long-term resident;
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]
 2) he or she has a valid temporary residence permit;
 3) he or she has a permanent legal income which ensures his or her own subsistence in Estonia;
 4) he or she is deemed to be an insured person for the purposes of the Health Insurance Act or a treaty of the Republic of Estonia;
 5) he or she has met the integration requirement;
 6) the information of his or her place of residence has been registered in the Population Register;
 7) no facts which are the basis for the refusal to issue a residence permit for a long-term resident exist in respect of him or her.

 (2) Clauses (1) 1)-3) of this section shall not be applied with regard to a child under fifteen years of age, who is a child of a citizen of Estonia residing in Estonia or of an alien residing in Estonia and holding a long-term resident’s residence permit of Estonia.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 01.10.2017]

 (2¹) The requirement for prior residence of an alien in the member states of the European Union on the basis of the EU Blue Card for at least five years immediately before the lodging of an application for a residence permit for a long-term resident, including the last two years in Estonia on the basis of the EU Blue Card, may be applied with regard to an alien who holds the EU Blue Card in Estonia instead of the requirement for residence on the basis of a residence permit provided for in clause (1) 1) of this section
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (2²) Upon meeting the requirement provided for in clause (1) 1) of this section the period of residence as an applicant for international protection immediately before the grant of international protection and the period of residence in Estonia as a person enjoying international protection shall be included into the period of residence in Estonia prior to the lodging of an application for a residence permit for a long-term resident.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (3) The requirement of residence on the basis of a residence permit provided for in clause (1) 1) of this section and clause 2) shall not apply with regard to an alien who has lost the citizenship of Estonia or who has been issued a personal identification document of the citizen of Estonia by mistake within six months as of the loss of the Estonian citizenship or the revocation of the document certifying the identity of an Estonian citizen.

 (4) Subsection (3) of this section shall not be applied with regard to an alien who, upon application for the Estonian citizenship or for a document certifying the identity of the Estonian citizen, has submitted false information or falsified documents regarding the facts which are relevant to the proceedings.

 (5) The conditions provided for in clauses (1) 1), 2) and 4)-6) of this section shall not be applied with regard to an alien who has settled in Estonia before 1 July in the year 1990 and who has factually resided and resides in Estonia and has not left to reside in another state and whose residence in Estonia does not pose a threat to the interests of the Estonian state.
[RT I, 23.03.2015, 1 – entry into force 01.01.2016]

§ 232¹.  Long-term resident’s residence permit for minor child who was born in Estonia

 (1) A minor child who was born in Estonia or who is settling in Estonia immediately after birth together with a parent or parents shall be issued a long-term resident’s residence permit if the parent is holding a valid long-term resident’s residence permit of Estonia during the birth of the child.

 (2) A child under fifteen years of age shall be issued a long-term resident’s residence permit if the parent, for the purposes of settling with whom he or she is issued the residence permit, is issued a long-term resident’s residence permit.

 (3) In the case of a joint custody the parents shall have the right to jointly submit the application to waive the residence permit issued on the basis of subsection (1) of this section until the child reaches one year of age.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 01.10.2017]

§ 233.  Calculation of period of residence in Estonia

 (1) The period of residence in Estonia required for the issue of a residence permit for a long-term resident shall include the period of his or her temporary stay outside Estonia, which does not exceed six consecutive months and in total ten months within five last years immediately before the lodging of the application for a residence permit for long-term residents.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (1¹) The period of residence in Estonia required for the issue of a residence permit for a long-term resident to an alien who holds the EU Blue Card shall include the period of his or her temporary stay outside member states of the European Union, which does not exceed twelve consecutive months and in total eighteen months within five last years immediately before the lodging of the application for a residence permit for long-term residents.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

 (2) The period of the stay in Estonia on the basis of a temporary residence permit for study shall be taken into account in half in the calculations of the period of stay required for the issue of a residence permit for a long-term resident if an alien has been issued a residence permit on another basis later.

 (3) If an alien’s stay outside Estonia within five last years before the lodging of an application for a residence permit for a long-term resident has lasted longer than six consecutive months and in total ten months within five last years and the Police and Border Guard Board has considered his or her stay outside Estonia justified, the period of permanent residence in Estonia required for the issue of a residence permit for a long-term resident shall extend by the length of the period of the stay away, which exceeds the allowed time period specified in subsection (1) of this section.
[RT I, 03.01.2017, 1 – entry into force 18.01.2017]

§ 234.  Integration requirement

 (1) An alien who is applying for a residence permit for long-term residents is required to have the Estonian language proficiency at least at the elementary level – language proficiency level B1 or a corresponding level.

 (2) The integration requirement need not be complied with by:
 1) an alien under 15 years of age;
 2) an alien over 65 years of age and
 3) an adult alien who has restricted active legal capacity.

 (3) The Estonian language proficiency is evaluated at the Estonian language proficiency level exam under the conditions provided for in the Language Act.

 (4) An alien who has acquired the basic, secondary and higher education in the Estonian language is not required to take the Estonian language examination.

§ 235.  Release from taking of Estonian language proficiency examination

 (1) An alien who, for health reasons, is permanently unable to comply with the requirements of the Estonian language proficiency level examination shall be released from the examination.